Transformer Insulating Fluid Receiving Device with Hermetic Compensator
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional expansion vessels for transformers and chokes do not completely seal the housing from ambient air, leading to oxygen and moisture ingress, which can cause insulation damage and sudden pressure increases, potentially resulting in housing bursting.
Innovation Solution
A receiving device with a compensator having a variable volume, designed as a hollow body with a large cross-sectional area, connected to the tank opening, and a displacement tank that can be hermetically sealed and used to replace the compensator in case of failure, allowing for quick compensation of volume changes and pressure equalization without exposing the insulating liquid to air.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional expansion vessel with rubber bag or membrane is used to compensate for volume changes in insulating liquid, then the volume changes can be accommodated, but oxygen and moisture from ambient air can pass through the rubber bag or membrane into the insulating liquid, causing insulation damage and reduced insulating capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a displacer (bellows or piston) as an intermediary mechanical element that transmits pressure changes from the insulating liquid to the expansion vessel without allowing direct contact between the insulating liquid and the expansion vessel's internal atmosphere. This intermediary mechanism prevents oxygen and moisture migration while maintaining volume compensation functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The expansion vessel is designed to contain an inert atmosphere (nitrogen or vacuum) that does not react with or degrade the insulating liquid. By creating an inert environment within the expansion vessel and using a hermetic seal with the displacer mechanism, the system prevents harmful substances from entering the insulating liquid while maintaining pressure equilibrium.
2Reliability
If the housing is connected to a decompression chamber with a bursting disc to handle pressure increases, then pressure relief is provided, but the housing requires design measures and increased material usage to control high pressure loads
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a displacer mechanism with predetermined travel limits and mechanical stops that prevent over-pressurization before it becomes dangerous. The displacer is designed to accommodate expansion volume in advance, and the system includes pre-set pressure relief mechanisms that activate before critical pressure levels are reached, eliminating the need for complex bursting discs and reinforced housing designs.
3Speed
If a compensator with large cross-sectional area is used for quick compensation of volume changes, then sudden pressure increases can be compensated faster, but the compensator requires more space and has larger dimensions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a dynamic displacer mechanism (bellows or piston) that can rapidly respond to pressure changes through mechanical motion. The displacer's movement is directly coupled to the insulating liquid pressure, allowing immediate compensation without requiring a large static compensator volume. The dynamic response capability enables fast compensation while maintaining a compact overall system size.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively compensates for volume changes in insulating liquid, preventing sudden pressure increases and allowing for continued operation without interrupting the transformer or choke, even if the compensator is non-functional, by using a displacement tank that can handle pressure equalization and store spare components.
Implementation Method 1
The compensator is designed as a hollow body with a variable compensator volume and can be connected to a tank opening of the tank, so that insulating liquid can flow through the tank opening between the inside of a tank of the boiler and the compensator volume
Data Source
Figure 1~3
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Figure 5
AI summary
The invention relates to a receiving device (5) for receiving insulating fluid from a vessel (3) of a transformer or a choke. The receiving device (5) comprises a compensator (7) which is designed as a hollow body with a variable compensator volume and can be connected to a vessel opening (15) of the vessel (3) so that insulating fluid can flow through the vessel opening (15) between the interior of the vessel (3) and the compensator volume.