Regulating Transformer Stability Control via Local Phasor Prediction
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Solution Overview
Problem
The integration of renewable energy sources into power grids leads to fluctuations that destabilize mains and increase the risk of blackouts, posing challenges for both distribution and transmission mains operators, as existing methods rely on remote sensors and centralized control systems that are costly and inefficient.
Innovation Solution
A method for controlling a regulating transformer with a settable translation ratio that uses local sensors to detect phasor data, determine equivalent circuit diagrams and load models, and predict working points to ensure stability before switching, thereby avoiding unstable transitions and reducing the need for remote data transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If remote sensors and centralized control systems are used to monitor and control power grid stability, then system-wide stability assessment is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The regulating transformer is equipped with local phasor measuring units and evaluation devices that enable it to autonomously detect phasor data, determine equivalent circuit diagrams, predict working points, and assess stability margins without requiring centralized control. This self-service capability allows the transformer to independently prevent instability, resolving the contradiction by eliminating the need for complex centralized control systems while maintaining reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The centralized control function is segmented and distributed to individual regulating transformers. Each transformer becomes an independent decision-making unit with its own measurement and evaluation capabilities, transforming a centralized complex system into multiple simple autonomous units, thereby reducing overall device complexity while maintaining system-wide stability.
2Measurement precision
If remote sensors are deployed across the power grid for stability monitoring, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time for data transmission and processing increases
Solution Approach 1:
The data transmission function is extracted from the control process. Instead of transmitting phasor data to a centralized system for analysis, the evaluation device is placed locally at the regulating transformer, enabling immediate processing of phasor data without transmission delays, thus resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and time loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The local evaluation device acts as an intermediary between the phasor measuring units and the regulating transformer control system. It processes phasor data locally to determine stability margins and control decisions, eliminating the need for time-consuming data transmission to remote centers while maintaining measurement precision.
3Reliability
If centralized control systems are implemented for power grid management, then stability monitoring is improved, but loss of substance in the form of communication infrastructure costs increases
Solution Approach 1:
The regulating transformer performs self-monitoring and self-control using locally integrated phasor measuring units and evaluation devices. This eliminates the need for extensive communication infrastructure connecting remote sensors to centralized control centers, resolving the contradiction by maintaining reliability while removing the substance loss associated with communication infrastructure.
Solution Approach 2:
The measurement, evaluation, and control functions are merged into a single integrated system at the regulating transformer. This combination eliminates the need for separate communication infrastructure that would be required to connect distributed sensors to centralized control, thereby reducing substance loss while maintaining stability monitoring capability.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of controlling a regulating transformer with a settable translation ratio, switchable between a first and second AC-mains includes the following operations: detecting phasor data of phasors of the first and/or second AC-mains; determining an equivalent circuit diagram with equivalent circuit diagram parameters for the first AC-mains; determining a load model with load model parameters for the second AC-mains; determining the equivalent circuit diagram parameters and the load model parameters from the phasor data; and when switching over to a desired translation ratio is to take place: predicting a working point of the second AC-mains for the desired translation ratio; checking a stability criterion in the second AC-mains for the predicted working point; and switching over to the desired translation ratio is carried out upon the stability criterion being fulfilled, but otherwise not switching over to the desired translation ratio.