Transformer Rectifier Control for Stable LED DC Distribution

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power distribution systems face challenges in providing stable direct current to LED loads, particularly in maintaining efficiency and stability against impedance changes, and in controlling the level of direct current without producing unsuitable voltage harmonics.

Innovation Solution

The system employs a rectifier connected to a transformer's secondary winding, with capacitors providing reactance to compensate for the primary winding's reactance and a switch to control the direct current level, using field-effect transistors controlled by a further secondary winding to manage voltage and current efficiently.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a rectifier is connected to a transformer's secondary winding to provide direct current to LED loads, then power distribution is achieved, but stability against impedance changes and efficiency are compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestability of direct currentVSAvoidefficiency of rectifier
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by introducing capacitors that provide reactance to compensate for the primary winding's reactance. This changes the electrical parameters of the circuit to achieve both stability against impedance changes and improved rectifier efficiency. The capacitors modify the reactance parameters to create a compensated system that maintains performance under varying load conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of operation

If a switch is used to control the level of direct current, then current control is achieved, but voltage harmonics are produced in the cable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol of direct current levelVSAvoidvoltage harmonics in cable
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses an intermediary approach by introducing a switch that is controlled by a further secondary winding. This intermediary control mechanism allows for smooth current regulation without the abrupt switching that causes voltage harmonics. The further secondary winding acts as a mediator to provide controlled gating signals that prevent harmful harmonic generation while maintaining current control capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces mechanical or direct switching mechanisms with a field-effect transistor-based switching system controlled by electromagnetic induction from a further secondary winding. This substitution eliminates the harsh electrical transients associated with conventional switching, thereby controlling direct current levels without producing unsuitable voltage harmonics in the cable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Use of energy by moving object

If field-effect transistors are controlled by a further secondary winding to manage voltage and current, then efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy efficiencyVSAvoidcomplexity of rectifier circuit
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The further secondary winding serves multiple functions: it controls the field-effect transistors for efficient voltage and current management, and simultaneously provides the gating signals needed for synchronized operation. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate control circuits, thereby improving energy efficiency while limiting the increase in device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances the stability and efficiency of direct current supply to LED loads, allows for controlled direct current levels without voltage harmonics, and provides cost-effective and energy-efficient power distribution.

Implementation Method 1

a rectifier operatively connectable to a secondary winding of a transformer whose primary winding is for carrying a high-frequency alternating current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

a first capacitor operatively connectable to the secondary winding; and a second capacitor operatively connectable, at least partly via the rectifier, to the secondary winding, wherein the first and second capacitors together provide a reactance referred to the primary winding which substantially compensates for the reactance of the primary winding

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Implementation Method 3

a rectifier operatively connectable to a secondary winding of a transformer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRectification:

Implementation Method 4

The apparatus may comprise an inductor configured to smooth a current originating from the rectifier

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInductance: Inductor

Implementation Method 5

a switch configured to periodically interrupt a current originating from the rectifier, thereby reducing an average level of the direct current provided to the load

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSwitching:

Implementation Method 6

The rectifier comprises field-effect transistors controlled by a further secondary winding of the transformer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3720253B1Power distribution
Publication Date: 2023.09.20 GREENGAGE LIGHTING LTD
  • EP3720253B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3720253B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~4
  • EP3720253B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

Several aspects of power distribution systems are described. One aspect relates to apparatus for providing a direct current to a load at first and second main outputs. The apparatus comprises: a synchronous rectifier operatively connectable to a secondary winding of a transformer whose primary winding is for carrying high-frequency alternating current, the synchronous rectifier having first and second outputs, wherein the synchronous rectifier comprises first and second switches and a control circuit comprising: a further secondary winding of the transformer, a control port configured to control the first and second switches of the synchronous rectifier and thereby to turn the synchronous rectifier on and off, and a subcircuitry configured to provide a voltage to the control port. The first and second rectifier outputs are directly connected to the first and second main outputs respectively. The subcircuitry is connected to the first and second main outputs.