Transformer Tap Changer Winding Segmentation for Transient Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Semiconductor switching components in tap changers are excessively stressed by lightning voltages and transients, leading to increased risk and higher dimensioning requirements for protective circuits.
Innovation Solution
Divide the main winding into two identical parts, placing the regulating winding and tap changer between them, which reduces the semiconductor switching components' exposure to lightning voltage and allows for smaller protective circuit dimensions, using semiconductor components with lower blocking/reverse voltage ratings and acting as a throttle for transients.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If semiconductor switching components are used in the tap changer, then mechanical switching components are eliminated and switching is possible without mechanical parts, but the semiconductor components are exposed to high lightning voltage stress and require large protective circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The main winding is divided into two identical main winding parts (1 and 2) that are connected in series. The regulating winding with semiconductor switching components is inserted between these two main winding parts. This segmentation creates a voltage division effect where each main winding part absorbs a portion of the lightning voltage stress, reducing the burden on semiconductor components and their protective circuits.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the main winding is divided into two identical parts with the regulating winding between them, then the semiconductor switching components are protected from full lightning voltage stress, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The main winding is segmented into two identical parts (1 and 2) connected in series, with the regulating winding inserted between them. This segmentation provides voltage division for lightning protection while maintaining structural symmetry that simplifies manufacturing and assembly.
Solution Approach 2:
The regulating winding with semiconductor switching components is placed at a specific location between the two main winding parts, creating a localized functional region. This allows the semiconductor components to operate in a protected voltage environment while the rest of the transformer maintains its standard structure.
3Reliability
If the main winding is divided into two identical parts, then smaller semiconductor components with lower blocking voltage can be used, but the winding production process becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The main winding is divided into two identical parts that can be produced separately and then assembled. This segmentation allows for standardized production of each half-winding, potentially simplifying manufacturing through modular assembly while achieving the goal of reduced semiconductor stress.
Solution Approach 2:
The regulating winding is inserted at a specific location between the two main winding parts, creating a localized insertion point that standardizes the assembly process. This local quality approach allows the majority of the winding structure to remain uniform and easily manufacturable.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Minimizes electrical stress on semiconductor components, reduces space and cost requirements for protective circuits, and dampens transient effects, enabling efficient and cost-effective design.
Implementation Method 1
the upstream part of the divided main winding working, according to the invention, as a throttle for fast transients on the power line
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a transformer with a tap changer, wherein optionally the primary or secondary side can be regulated by the tap changer, and wherein, on the side of the transformer to be regulated, a main winding and at least one regulating winding, which is connectable by the tap changer, are provided. According to the invention, the main winding is divided into two main winding parts, and the at least one regulating winding and the tap changer (3) connecting the regulating winding are arranged electrically between the two main winding parts (1, 2).