Transgenic Cory Fish Fluorescent Integration for Stable Color Breeding
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is limited progress in developing transgenic Cory fish that express fluorescent proteins for the ornamental fish industry, as existing methods have not effectively utilized these proteins to enhance color diversity and visualization.
Innovation Solution
The development of transgenic Cory fish with specific integration events, such as Red, Orange, Green, and Yellow Cory 1 transformation events, using chromosomally integrated transgenes and germ cell transplantation, enabling the production of fertile, fluorescent fish with stable and visually distinct colors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If traditional transgenic methods are used to introduce fluorescent proteins into Cory fish, then foreign genes can be transferred into the host organism, but progress in developing transgenic Cory fish that express fluorescent proteins has been limited and color visualization is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the genetic parameters of Cory fish through transgenic integration of fluorescent protein genes (dsRed, eGFP, mCherry, mCitrine) to achieve diverse color expressions including red, green, yellow, and orange hues, thereby resolving the limitation in color diversity while maintaining development progress
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the color expression by introducing separate transgenic lines for different fluorescent proteins (dsRed for red, eGFP for green, mCherry for red, mCitrine for yellow) and then combining them through selective breeding to create multi-color variants, enabling systematic development of color diversity
2Illumination intensity
If fluorescent proteins are introduced to enhance color visibility, then new markers and reporters are available, but the available Cory species have limited color expression and do not display various colors effectively
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple fluorescent protein expressions within single Cory fish individuals by breeding transgenic lines together, creating fish that express combinations of colors (e.g., red and green for orange, green and yellow for various shades) thereby enhancing both color visibility and color expression versatility
Solution Approach 2:
The patent achieves local quality by expressing different fluorescent proteins in different tissue distributions within the same fish, allowing certain areas to display specific colors while other areas show different colors, thereby enhancing overall color visibility and expression variety
3Shape
If transgenic integration events are created to produce specific colors, then aesthetically pleasing colors like Red can be achieved, but the process requires multiple transformation events and breeding steps
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by first creating stable single-color transgenic lines (Red Cory 1, Orange Cory 1, Green Cory 1, Yellow Cory 1) with confirmed chromosomal integration and fertility, then using these pre-established lines as breeding stock to efficiently produce multi-color variants, thereby simplifying the overall transformation process
4Reliability
If chromosomally integrated transgenes are used to produce fertile transgenic fish, then stable inheritance is achieved, but specific transformation events require precise identification and verification
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms by establishing verification protocols that confirm chromosomal integration of transgenes through molecular techniques and by monitoring inheritance patterns in offspring to ensure stable transmission, thereby achieving both reliable inheritance and precise transformation event identification
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to transgenic ornamental fish, as well as methods of making such fish by germ cell transplantation techniques. Also disclosed are methods of establishing a population of such transgenic fish and methods of providing them to the ornamental fish industry for the purpose of marketing.