Downhole Transient Electromagnetic Pipe Signal Bucking

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current geophysical inversion methods face challenges in accurately estimating earth formation properties due to interference from pipe signals generated by conductive tools, which introduce systematic noise and uncertainty in measurements, especially during transient electromagnetic measurements.

Innovation Solution

A method and system using a downhole tool with a single transmitter and two receivers to measure and buck out pipe signals in situ, allowing for the extraction of formation signals and reducing uncertainty by employing a bucking coefficient calculation to separate pipe and formation responses.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional geophysical inversion methods are used, then formation property estimation can be performed, but pipe signals from conductive tools introduce systematic noise and reduce measurement precision

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveformation property estimation accuracyVSAvoidpipe signal interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the total measured signal into distinct components: pipe signal and formation signal. By using multiple receivers at different positions, the system can separately identify and process these components, allowing the pipe signal to be isolated and removed before formation property estimation, thereby improving measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the pipe signal component from the total measured signal using a mathematical model that accounts for the conductive tool body's electromagnetic interference. This extracted pipe signal is then subtracted from the total signal to obtain a cleaned formation signal, eliminating systematic noise and improving the accuracy of formation property estimation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Measurement precision

If bucking techniques are applied to eliminate primary field interference, then sensitivity to formation parameters improves, but electromagnetic interference between conductive tool body and formation creates additional systematic noise

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensitivity to formation parametersVSAvoidelectromagnetic interference between tool and formation
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary mathematical model that describes the electromagnetic interaction between the conductive tool body and the formation. This model acts as a mediator to predict and account for the tool-formation interference, allowing it to be compensated for in the signal processing, thereby maintaining sensitivity to formation parameters while reducing systematic noise.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameters of the bucking calculation by incorporating additional terms that account for the conductive tool body's interaction with the formation. By adjusting the mathematical model to include these additional parameters, the system can more accurately predict and eliminate both primary field interference and tool-formation interference, improving measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If air-hang tests are conducted to measure pipe signals, then pipe signal characterization can be achieved, but the process is expensive and time-consuming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepipe signal characterization accuracyVSAvoidair-hang test duration
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent enables the system to measure and characterize pipe signals in situ during normal logging operations, without requiring separate air-hang tests. The same receivers and mathematical models used for formation evaluation are applied to characterize the pipe signal, allowing the system to serve multiple functions simultaneously and eliminating the need for additional time-consuming tests.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent makes the electromagnetic measurement system multi-functional by enabling it to perform both formation evaluation and pipe signal characterization using the same hardware and mathematical framework. This universal approach allows the system to extract multiple types of information from a single logging run, eliminating the need for separate air-hang tests and reducing overall measurement time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables more efficient and accurate measurement of pipe signals without the need for expensive air-hang tests, allowing for real-time, in situ monitoring of pipe signal changes and improved formation property estimation, reducing errors in modeling and enhancing the precision of geophysical data inversion.

Implementation Method 1

a transmitter and two receivers spaced at different distances from the transmitter are conveyed through a borehole on a carrier

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3427091B1Method and apparatus for measurement of pipe signals for downhole transient electromagnetic processing
Publication Date: 2024.04.24 BAKER HUGHES CO
  • EP3427091B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3427091B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3427091B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

Methods and systems for estimating properties of earth formations including conveying a carrier through a borehole having a transmitter, a first receiver, and a second receiver, the first receiver positioned a first distance from the transmitter and the second receiver positioned a second distance therefrom, generating with the transmitter a transient electromagnetic field, receiving a first measured signal at the first receiver, receiving a second measured signal at the second receiver, obtaining a total signal from the first measured signal and the second measured signal, determining a bucking coefficient, performing a bucking calculation employing the bucking coefficient, the first measured signal, and the second measured signal to extract a pipe signal, suppressing the pipe signal from the total signal to obtain a formation signal, estimating a formation property from the formation signal, and adjusting a drilling operation based on the estimated property of the formation.