Transmissive LCD Light-Guiding Insulator Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
The aperture ratio and light utilization efficiency of liquid crystal display devices are compromised due to the fixed width of the opening region, which necessitates a boundary region for wiring, leading to reduced light efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A transmissive-type liquid crystal display device is designed with a base material, a light-shielding body, a pixel electrode, a first insulator, and a second insulator with a higher refractive index, where the second insulator's surface on the pixel electrode side overlaps the light-shielding body, and its shape allows for increased light transmission and aperture ratio by reflecting and guiding light efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a boundary region is provided to surround the opening region for disposing wiring and TFT, then the wiring and TFT can be properly disposed, but the aperture ratio decreases due to the area occupied by the boundary region
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a light-guiding layer with a specific refractive index that extends vertically from the boundary region into the opening region. This dimensional extension allows the light-guiding layer to capture and guide light that would otherwise be blocked by the boundary region, effectively utilizing the vertical space to compensate for the horizontal area loss from the boundary region.
Solution Approach 2:
The light-guiding layer acts as an intermediary between the boundary region and the pixel electrodes. It captures light in the boundary region and guides it to the opening region where it is needed, effectively mediating the light transfer and reducing the negative impact of the boundary region on aperture ratio.
2Area of stationary object
If the opening region width is fixed to maintain a certain aperture ratio, then light transmission is optimized, but the boundary region becomes insufficient for proper wiring disposal
Solution Approach 1:
The light-guiding layer extends vertically from the boundary region into the opening region, utilizing the thickness dimension to provide light guidance functionality. This vertical extension allows the system to maintain a compact horizontal footprint while providing sufficient light management capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The light-guiding layer serves multiple functions: it provides electrical insulation, guides light from the boundary region to the opening region, and helps define the optical path. This multi-functionality allows a single structure to address multiple requirements without increasing overall complexity.
3Ease of operation
If an optical surface is formed on the peripheral edge of the opening region to refract light, then light guidance is improved, but the aperture ratio decreases due to the area occupied by the optical surface
Solution Approach 1:
The light-guiding function is extracted from the boundary region and implemented through the light-guiding layer with its specific refractive index. This allows the light guidance functionality to be separated from the structural boundary, enabling more efficient use of the opening region area.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the refractive index parameter of the light-guiding layer to optimize light guidance. By carefully selecting the refractive index, the system achieves effective light guidance while minimizing the area required for the light-guiding structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the aperture ratio and light utilization efficiency by reducing light incidence on the TFT and increasing the amount of light transmitted through the second insulator, thereby improving the overall performance of the liquid crystal display device.
Implementation Method 1
A refractive index of the second insulator is higher than a refractive index of the first insulator. Light taken into the second insulator can be reflected by the interface between the second insulator and the first insulator and transmitted through the second insulator.
Implementation Method 2
Light taken into the second insulator can be reflected by the interface between the second insulator and the first insulator
Data Source
AI summary
A transmissive-type liquid crystal display device includes a base material having transmissivity, a light-shielding body having a grid pattern in a plan view seen from a thickness direction of the base material, a pixel electrode, a first insulator that is provided to cover the light-shielding body and has transmissivity, and a second insulator that is disposed in contact with the first insulator between the base material and the pixel electrode and has transmissivity. A refractive index of the second insulator is higher than a refractive index of the first insulator. An outer edge of a surface of the second insulator on the pixel electrode side overlaps the light-shielding body in the plan view.