Transparent Barrier Coating with Organic Intermediate Layer

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for depositing transparent barrier layers against water vapor and oxygen, such as PECVD, sputtering, and PVD, suffer from inadequate barrier effects, high working pressures, low mechanical strength, and high costs, making them unsuitable for encapsulating electronic products.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the deposition of at least two transparent barrier layers with an organically modified aluminum-containing intermediate layer, achieved by reactive evaporation of aluminum in a vacuum chamber with reactive gases like oxygen or nitrogen, and incorporating organic components like HMDSO, to enhance the barrier and mechanical properties of the layer system.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If PECVD processes are used to deposit barrier layers, then coating can be applied to a wide variety of substrates, but the barrier effect is relatively weak and operating pressure is high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesubstrate compatibilityVSAvoidbarrier effect
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by combining multiple barrier layers (SiO2, Si3N4) with an organically modified intermediate layer. This composite structure achieves superior barrier properties (WVTR < 0.1 g/m2d, OTR < 0.1 cm3/m2d) while maintaining substrate compatibility across diverse materials like PET, PEN, and glass.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The organically modified intermediate layer acts as an intermediary between inorganic barrier layers, preventing defect propagation and enhancing adhesion. This intermediate layer resolves the contradiction by enabling strong barrier effects while maintaining processability on various substrates.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Adaptability or versatility

If PECVD processes are used to deposit barrier layers, then coating can be applied to a wide variety of substrates, but operating pressure is high requiring significant pressure decoupling measures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesubstrate compatibilityVSAvoidpressure decoupling measures
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical vacuum system requirements of PECVD with a chemical vapor deposition approach using organometallic precursors. The process operates at lower pressures (1-100 mbar) eliminating the need for complex pressure decoupling measures while maintaining substrate versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Reliability

If sputtering is used to deposit barrier layers, then better barrier properties are achieved, but process time increases and costs rise

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebarrier propertiesVSAvoidprocess time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the deposition parameters by using chemical vapor deposition with organometallic precursors at optimized temperatures (200-400°C) and pressures (1-100 mbar). This achieves superior barrier properties (WVTR < 0.1 g/m2d) with faster deposition rates compared to sputtering, thereby improving productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Reliability

If multiple barrier layers are deposited with intermediate layers, then barrier effect increases, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebarrier effectVSAvoidcoating steps
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the deposition of multiple barrier layers and intermediate layers into a single continuous CVD process cycle. The organometallic precursor deposition and organic modification occur in one integrated process step, reducing manufacturing complexity while achieving enhanced barrier effects through the multi-layer structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method produces a transparent barrier layer system with a high blocking effect against water vapor and oxygen, improved mechanical resilience, and high coating rates, making it suitable for encapsulating electronic components like solar cells and OLEDs.

Implementation Method 1

aluminum is evaporated within the vacuum chamber in a reactive process by simultaneously introducing at least one reactive gas, such as oxygen or nitrogen, into the vacuum chamber during the evaporation of the aluminum

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 2

reactive process by simultaneously introducing at least one reactive gas, such as oxygen or nitrogen, into the vacuum chamber during the evaporation of the aluminum

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation: Oxidation

Implementation Method 3

during the deposition of the intermediate layer, a gaseous or vaporous organic component is simultaneously introduced into the vacuum chamber as the aluminum evaporates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 4

incorporating organic components like HMDSO, to enhance the barrier and mechanical properties of the layer system

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIncorporation:

Implementation Method 5

at least two transparent barrier layers are deposited on a transparent plastic film within a vacuum chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVacuum: Vacuum

Data Source

PatentEP2699705B1Method of depositing a transparent barrier coating system
Publication Date: 2019.04.10 FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for producing a transparent barrier layer system, wherein in a vacuum chamber at least two transparent barrier layers and a transparent intermediate layer disposed between the two barrier layers are deposited on a transparent plastic film, wherein for deposition of the barrier layers aluminium is vaporised and simultaneously at least one first reactive gas is introduced into the vacuum chamber and wherein for deposition of the intermediate layer aluminium is vaporised and simultaneously at least one second reactive gas and a gaseous or vaporous organic component are introduced into the vacuum chamber.