Transparent Electrode Storage Capacitor Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing display devices face a low aperture ratio due to increased metal areas, leading to reduced transmittance, especially in high-resolution and high PPI designs, which limits their performance.
Innovation Solution
A pixel unit structure is developed with a thin film transistor and transparent electrode layers forming a storage capacitor, allowing for increased aperture ratio and improved transmittance by using two transparent electrode layers instead of optically opaque metals, and optimizing electrode shapes and positions to minimize light shielding areas.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If metal layers are used for storage capacitor in COA technology, then capacitance function is achieved, but aperture ratio is seriously affected due to optically opaque metals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the optical parameter of the electrode material from opaque (metal) to transparent (conductive oxide or transparent polymer), allowing the storage capacitor electrodes to perform both capacitance function and light transmission function simultaneously, thereby resolving the contradiction between achieving capacitance and maintaining aperture ratio
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite transparent conductive materials (such as ITO, IZO, or transparent polymer composites) that combine the electrical conductivity of metals with the optical transparency of dielectric materials, enabling the storage capacitor electrodes to provide both electrical function and optical transparency
2Object-affected harmful factors
If optically opaque design is used above data line for shielding light, then light shielding effectiveness is improved, but aperture ratio is reduced due to increased opaque area
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the optical parameter of the shielding electrode from opaque to transparent by using transparent conductive materials, allowing the electrode to provide both light shielding (through electrical field control) and light transmission functions simultaneously, thus resolving the contradiction between light shielding effectiveness and aperture ratio
3Illumination intensity
If distance between common electrode and pixel electrode is minimized to improve transmittance, then transmittance is improved, but manufacturing difficulty is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an additional spatial dimension by stacking multiple transparent electrode layers at different heights (Z-dimension) rather than placing them close in the same plane. This vertical separation maintains adequate manufacturing tolerances while the cumulative transparent area across multiple layers improves overall transmittance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution significantly increases the aperture ratio and transmittance of display devices, enhancing their performance and reducing manufacturing difficulties while maintaining uniformity and light shielding effectiveness.
Implementation Method 1
The first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer form a storage capacitor therebetween
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a pixel unit structure and a display device. The pixel unit structure includes a thin film transistor formed on a substrate, and a first insulating layer, a first transparent electrode layer, a second insulating layer, and a second transparent electrode layer formed in sequence from bottom to top above the thin film transistor. A storage capacitor is formed between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer.