Transparent Component Laser Welding for Adhesive-Free Enclosures

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electronic devices rely on adhesives to couple components to the housing, which can lead to operational issues due to adhesive wear, increased manufacturing time and cost, and aesthetic concerns, especially with hard materials like sapphire.

Innovation Solution

Laser welding is used to directly couple transparent components to the enclosure, eliminating the need for adhesives and creating a permanent, hidden weld that enhances both coupling strength and cosmetic appeal.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If adhesive is used to couple components to the housing, then components can be assembled to the housing, but the adhesive may wear or weaken over time causing components to become displaced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoupling strengthVSAvoidadhesive lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the adhesive layer from the coupling system entirely, replacing it with a direct mechanical interference fit between the component and housing. This extraction of the adhesive intermediary eliminates the reliability issues associated with adhesive degradation over time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the chemical bonding mechanism (adhesive) with a mechanical bonding mechanism (interference fit). The component features a protrusion that fits into a recess in the housing, creating a mechanical lock that does not degrade over time like adhesive.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Manufacturing precision

If contact surfaces are treated (planed, polished, resurfaced) to ensure adequate contact for adhesive bonding, then adhesive bonding effectiveness is improved, but manufacturing time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontact surface qualityVSAvoidmanufacturing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the requirement for surface treatment operations by eliminating the adhesive bonding process. The interference fit mechanism does not depend on surface quality for bonding effectiveness, thereby eliminating the time-consuming planing, polishing, and resurfacing operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the adhesive-based bonding system (which requires precise surface preparation) with a mechanical interference fit system that is more tolerant of surface variations and does not require extensive surface treatment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Manufacturing precision

If additional cutting or shaping processes are performed on hard materials like sapphire to minimize defects, then contact surface quality is improved, but manufacturing time and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontact surface qualityVSAvoidmanufacturing efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the requirement for additional cutting and shaping processes on hard materials by eliminating the adhesive bonding step that necessitated such precise surface preparation. The interference fit can accommodate minor surface defects without compromising the bonding relationship.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Ease of manufacture

If adhesive is used to couple components to the housing, then components can be assembled to the housing, but manufacturing cost increases due to adhesive material and application time

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveassembly capabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the adhesive material cost and the labor cost associated with adhesive application and curing. The interference fit mechanism uses the existing component and housing geometries without requiring additional materials or extended assembly time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

5Ease of manufacture

If adhesive is used to couple components to the housing, then components can be assembled to the housing, but cosmetic appearance deteriorates due to visible adhesive

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveassembly capabilityVSAvoidcosmetic appearance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the visible adhesive layer by eliminating the adhesive bonding process entirely. The interference fit creates a clean, flush interface between the component and housing with no visible bonding material, thereby improving cosmetic appearance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The laser welding method provides a strong, permanent coupling between components and the enclosure, reduces manufacturing time and costs, and improves the aesthetic appearance by concealing the weld, addressing the limitations of adhesive-based coupling.

Implementation Method 1

The second component is positioned within the aperture of the first component and is laser welded directly to the first component

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser welding: Laser Beam Welding

Implementation Method 2

a laser is positioned above the first and second component and emits a beam through the second component, including the transparent material, to the first component

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight transmission: Light

Data Source

PatentEP3126089B1Laser welding of transparent and opaque materials
Publication Date: 2022.08.17 APPLE INC
  • EP3126089B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3126089B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3126089B1 patent drawingFigure 2A

AI summary

Welding of transparent material in electronic devices. An electronic device (100) may include an enclosure (102) having at least one aperture formed through a portion of the enclosure (102). The electronic device (100) may also include a component (104) positioned within the aperture formed through the portion of the enclosure. The component (104) may be laser welded to the aperture formed through the enclosure. Additionally, the component (104) may include transparent material. A method for securing a component within an electronic device (100) may include providing an electronic device enclosure including at least one aperture, and positioning a component (104) within the aperture formed through the enclosure. The component (104) positioned within the aperture may include a transparent material. The method may also include welding the component (104) to the electronic device enclosure.