Transparent Polymer Blends with Cyclobutanediol Polyesters

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional barrier polymers used in packaging are expensive, have unstable structural characteristics, and blends of these polymers often result in opaque or hazy products, making them unsuitable for applications requiring clarity, such as beverage containers, and pose challenges in recycling due to incompatibility with regrind materials.

Innovation Solution

A transparent, immiscible polymer blend comprising a thermoplastic polymer and a homogeneous, transamidized blend of polyamides with closely matched refractive indices, allowing for the production of clear, high-barrier articles that can incorporate a high proportion of regrind and maintain transparency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional barrier polymers are used in packaging, then oxygen and moisture barrier properties are improved, but the structural stability deteriorates and cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebarrier propertiesVSAvoidstructural characteristics
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses composite materials by combining barrier polymers with structural polymers in a multilayer configuration. The barrier layer (e.g., EVOH, PVOH) provides oxygen and moisture barrier properties, while the structural layers (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene) provide mechanical strength and stability. This composite structure resolves the contradiction by allowing each material to perform its specialized function without compromising the other.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Ease of manufacture

If multilayer structures are used to reduce barrier material cost, then manufacturing cost is improved, but structural stability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecostVSAvoidstructural characteristics
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the packaging structure into distinct functional layers: barrier layers (thin layers of EVOH, PVOH, or other barrier materials) and structural layers (thicker layers of polyethylene, polypropylene, or other structural polymers). This segmentation allows the expensive barrier material to be used only where needed for barrier performance, while the structural layers provide the necessary mechanical strength at lower cost, resolving the contradiction between cost reduction and structural stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Ease of manufacture

If barrier polymers are blended with other polymers, then cost is improved, but transparency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecostVSAvoidtransparency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSIllumination intensity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses composite materials in a multilayer structure where barrier polymers and other polymers remain in separate layers rather than being blended. This prevents the formation of immiscible phases that would cause haze and opacity. Each layer maintains its own optical properties, and the overall structure achieves cost reduction through strategic material selection and layer thickness optimization while preserving transparency where required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Reliability

If multilayer articles are produced, then barrier effectiveness is improved, but recycling difficulty increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebarrier effectivenessVSAvoidrecycling
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent enables the extraction and separation of the barrier layer from the structural layers during recycling processes. The thin barrier layer can be removed and processed separately from the bulk structural material, allowing the structural polymer to be recycled more easily while the barrier material can be recovered or disposed of appropriately. This resolves the contradiction by making the multilayer structure separable rather than permanently bonded.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides clear, shaped articles with enhanced barrier properties, improved melt processability, and excellent mechanical properties, enabling efficient recycling and cost-effective production while maintaining clarity and barrier effectiveness.

Implementation Method 1

the different phases of the immiscible blend have small differences in the absolute value of their refractive indices

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Data Source

PatentUS7955674B2Transparent polymer blends containing polyesters comprising a cyclobutanediol and articles prepared therefrom
Publication Date: 2011.06.07 EASTMAN CHEM CO

AI summary

Disclosed are polymer compositions having high transparency and low haze comprising immiscible blends of at least one polyester comprising 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, and a copolyamide or a transamidized, homogeneous blend of a least two polyamides. The components of the immiscible blend have refractive indices which differ by about 0.006 to about −0.0006. The small difference in the refractive indices enable the incorporation of regrind into the polymer composition to produce transparent shaped articles. The blends of the present invention are useful in producing shaped articles such as, for example, sheeting, films, tubes, bottles, preforms and profiles. These articles may have one or more layers and can exhibit improved excellent barrier properties and good melt processability while retaining excellent mechanical properties. Metal catalysts can be incorporated into the compositions to produce oxygen-scavenging compositions.