Transparent Wiring Active Matrix Substrate for High Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
The active matrix substrate faces a challenge in maintaining a high pixel aperture ratio and light transmittance due to the presence of drive circuits, such as gate drivers, within the pixel area, which reduces the effective light transmission area.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of an active matrix substrate design that incorporates oxide semiconductor TFTs with transparent wiring lines and electrodes, allowing for the integration of drive circuits within the pixel area while minimizing their impact on the pixel aperture ratio, by using a combination of metal films and transparent conductive films for the gate and source bus lines, and forming the drive circuit wiring lines from transparent conductive materials.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If drive circuits are integrated within the pixel area, then the frame area can be reduced and circuit scale is minimized, but the pixel aperture ratio and light transmittance decrease due to wiring lines and TFTs occupying space
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the principle of making wiring lines transparent by using transparent conductive films (such as ITO, IZO, or ZnO) instead of traditional opaque metal wires. This allows the wiring lines to be visually invisible, thereby maintaining high pixel aperture ratio and light transmittance while still providing the necessary electrical connections for the drive circuits integrated within the pixel area
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses transparent conductive films that replicate the electrical functionality of traditional metal wiring lines but with the added property of optical transparency. This enables the drive circuit wiring to be integrated within the pixel area without compromising light transmittance, as the transparent wiring lines do not block light passage
2Productivity
If drive circuits are formed within the pixel area, then additional frame-narrowing can be realized regardless of screen size, but the pixel aperture ratio decreases due to the presence of wiring lines and TFTs
Solution Approach 1:
By transforming the wiring lines from opaque to transparent using transparent conductive films, the patent enables the drive circuits to be integrated within the pixel area without visually occupying space that would reduce the pixel aperture ratio. The transparent wiring lines effectively disappear from the optical path, allowing maximum light transmission while maintaining circuit functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The transparent conductive films serve dual functions: they provide the necessary electrical conductivity for the drive circuit wiring lines while simultaneously maintaining optical transparency to preserve the pixel aperture ratio. This multi-functionality allows the wiring to be integrated within the pixel area without sacrificing either electrical performance or optical performance
Data Source
AI summary
An active matrix substrate (1001) has multiple pixel areas. At least one pixel area includes a pixel TFT (20), a pixel electrode (15), a first circuit TFT (10), and drive circuit wiring lines (L1 to L3) that are connected to the first circuit TFT. The pixel TFT (20) and the first circuit TFT (10) are oxide semiconductor TFTs. The pixel electrode (15) is formed from an upper transparent conductive film. The drive circuit wiring line includes a transparent wiring line portion (L1 and L2) that is formed from a lower transparent conductive film which is positioned closer to a substrate 1 than the upper transparent conductive film. At least one of a source electrode (8) and a drain electrode (9) of the first circuit TFT (10) is formed from the lower transparent conductive film.