Vertical Trench-Gate MOSFET Doping Layout With Fewer Lithography Steps

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for producing semiconductor devices are inefficient, requiring multiple lithography steps and struggling to create small structures, which increases production costs and on-state losses.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a mask with varying thickness sections and a protection layer to form regions of different conductivity types with reduced lithography steps, allowing for precise control of doping profiles and structure sizes, enabling the production of narrow functional portions and insulated gate transistors with improved plasma concentration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If multiple lithography steps are used to produce semiconductor devices, then manufacturing precision can be improved, but device complexity and production time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelithography precisionVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The mask is divided into multiple sections with different thicknesses (first section overlapping the trench, second section overlapping the functional portion, third section overlapping both). This segmentation allows different regions to serve different functions during doping, enabling precise control of doping profiles without requiring multiple lithography steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention transitions from controlling doping through multiple planar lithography steps to controlling doping through the vertical dimension (mask thickness). The varying thickness of the mask sections creates different doping profiles by allowing or blocking dopant diffusion at different levels, adding a vertical dimension to the doping control process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Manufacturing precision

If multiple lithography steps are used, then alignment precision can be improved, but production time and costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealignment precisionVSAvoidproduction time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The mask is divided into multiple sections with different thicknesses (first section overlapping the trench, second section overlapping the functional portion, third section overlapping both). This segmentation allows different regions to serve different functions during doping, enabling precise control of doping profiles without requiring multiple lithography steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Multiple doping functions that would traditionally require separate lithography steps are merged into a single lithography step using the multi-section mask. The different thickness sections enable simultaneous formation of different doping regions (first conductivity type near trench, second conductivity type in functional portion) in one operation, reducing production time and eliminating alignment issues between steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Manufacturing precision

If small structure sizes are produced, then device performance can be improved, but manufacturing difficulty increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructure sizeVSAvoidmanufacturing ease
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The mask is designed with locally varying thicknesses to provide different functions in different regions. The first section (overlapping trench) has a thickness that allows first-type dopants to reach the functional portion, while the second section (overlapping functional portion) has a different thickness to control second-type dopant diffusion. This local quality variation enables precise control of doping profiles in small structures without increasing overall manufacturing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The mask structure is prepared in advance with predetermined thickness variations before the doping process. The first section, second section, and third section are formed with specific thickness relationships that predetermine the doping profiles that will result. This preliminary preparation of the mask eliminates the need for multiple alignment steps during doping, making small structure fabrication more manageable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Manufacturing precision

If doping concentrations are increased near trenches, then on-state performance can be improved, but control precision becomes more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedoping concentrationVSAvoiddoping control complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The mask is designed with locally varying thicknesses to provide different functions in different regions. The first section (overlapping trench) has a thickness that allows first-type dopants to reach the functional portion, while the second section (overlapping functional portion) has a different thickness to control second-type dopant diffusion. This local quality variation enables precise control of doping profiles in small structures without increasing overall manufacturing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The mask acts as an intermediary structure that mediates the doping process. By varying the mask thickness in different sections, the invention controls how dopants diffuse into the semiconductor body. The mask thickness serves as a mediator that determines the doping concentration and profile without requiring complex in-situ control during the doping process itself, simplifying the control mechanism while achieving precise doping concentrations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method reduces the number of lithography steps, allows for the formation of small structural sizes, and enhances on-state performance by minimizing alignment requirements and maintaining high doping concentrations near trenches.

Implementation Method 1

implanting first-type dopants through the top side into the functional portion; implanting second-type dopants through the protection layer and through the top side into the functional portion

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon Implantation: Ion Implantation

Implementation Method 2

a protection layer is deposited onto the mask. The protection layer laterally extends over the trench and the functional portion; at least a part of the first region adjacent to the trench is thereby preserved

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhysical Barrier:

Data Source

PatentEP4220730B1Method for producing vertical trench-gate mosfets or igbts and corresponding semiconductor device
Publication Date: 2024.12.11 HITACHI ENERGY LTD
  • EP4220730B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4220730B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4220730B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The method comprises a step of providing a semiconductor body with a mask (3) on a top side of the semiconductor body, wherein at least one trench (2) extends from the top side into the semiconductor body. A functional portion (11) is formed laterally adjacent to the trench. In a first section (31) overlapping with the trench, the mask is thicker than in a second section (32) overlapping with the functional portion. A first region (12) of a first conductivity type is formed in the functional portion adjacent to the trench using implanting first-type dopants using an angled implant. Thereafter, protection layer is deposited onto the mask, wherein the protection layer laterally extends over the trenches and the functional portion. A second region of a second conductivity type is formed in the functional portion, between pairs of first regions (12) using implanting second-type dopants through the protection layer. A part of the first region is thereby preserved. The device may either be a vertical trench-gate MOSFET or IGBT.