Triangular Beam Alignment for 5G and 6G Users
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wireless communication systems in 5G and 6G require complex and time-consuming procedures for aligning directional transmission and reception beams, which is inefficient and resource-intensive.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of triangular beam configurations that allow for rapid beam alignment by transmitting and receiving signals with a triangular power distribution, enabling the calculation of alignment angles using a simple ratio of signal amplitudes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If traditional beam alignment procedures are used, then beam alignment can be achieved, but the process is complex and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The beam alignment procedure is segmented into two distinct phases: a training phase where triangular beams are transmitted to establish angle information, and a data phase where actual communication occurs. This segmentation allows the complex alignment task to be broken down into manageable steps, reducing overall procedure complexity while improving alignment speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary beam alignment actions during a training phase before actual data transmission. By pre-establishing the angular relationship between transmitter and receiver using triangular beams, the system eliminates the need for complex real-time alignment during data communication, thereby improving productivity without sacrificing accuracy.
2Productivity
If traditional beam alignment procedures are used, then beam alignment can be achieved, but it is resource-intensive
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs periodic triangular beam transmissions during the training phase to efficiently establish angular information. By using periodic pulses with triangular power distributions rather than continuous scanning, the system reduces energy consumption while maintaining alignment efficiency. The periodic nature allows for brief, targeted measurements rather than prolonged resource-intensive scanning.
3Loss of time
If triangular beam distribution is used, then beam alignment time is reduced, but signal power varies with angle
Solution Approach 1:
The triangular beam distribution applies local quality by creating regions of different power levels at different angular positions. The beam has maximum power at the center angle and progressively lower power at oblique angles, which provides the receiver with angular discrimination capability. This local variation in power quality enables rapid angle determination without requiring uniform power distribution, thus reducing alignment time while managing energy efficiently.
Data Source
AI summary
5G and especially 6G are built around beamed transmissions and receptions, but aligning the beams toward the intended recipient is currently an expensive and complex process that reduced-capability devices may have difficulty performing. Therefore, an improved beam alignment process is disclosed, involving “triangle” beams. A triangle beam is a wide transmission beam that is arranged to be high-power at one side and low-power at the other side, tapering monotonically between the two angles. A user device can detect the triangle beam and measure the received amplitude or power level. By comparing to the amplitude of a previous transmission, the user device can determine its angle relative to the base station. The user device can then transmit directional beams toward the base station, and can also inform the base station of the angle so that they both can use well-directed transmission and reception beams. Many other aspects are disclosed.