Triazole Compounds for Broad-Spectrum Invertebrate Pest Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for highly effective and versatile agents that can combat a wide range of invertebrate pests, particularly difficult-to-control insects, with a broad activity spectrum.
Innovation Solution
Compounds of formula I, including their stereoisomers, salts, and N-oxides, are synthesized through various chemical reactions using electrophiles, bases, and solvents, and can be further modified by alkylation to enhance their pesticidal activity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing structurally related compounds are used, then some pesticidal activity is achieved, but the activity spectrum is limited and effectiveness against difficult-to-control insects is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing a broad-spectrum pesticidal compound (formula I) that can effectively control multiple types of invertebrate pests including insects, mites, and other invertebrates. The compound structure with variable substituents (R1-R6, X, Y) allows it to target different pest species while maintaining effectiveness, making a single compound serve multiple pesticidal functions across diverse pest types.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by systematically varying chemical parameters (substituents at different positions, functional groups, stereochemistry) to optimize pesticidal activity. The compound can exist in different stereoisomeric forms and salt forms, and the substituents can be modified to enhance specificity and effectiveness against particular pest groups while maintaining broad spectrum coverage.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a broad spectrum agent is developed, then control against multiple invertebrate pests is improved, but synthesis complexity and manufacturing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the synthesis process into modular steps: starting from commercially available compounds (formula IV), performing intermediate transformations to form compounds (formula II), then reacting with electrophiles (formula III) to generate the final formula I compounds. This segmented approach allows complex molecules to be built from simpler, readily available building blocks through standardized reaction types.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes preliminary action by preparing and characterizing intermediate compounds (formula II and III) before synthesizing the final pesticidal agents (formula I). The intermediates are prepared using established methods from literature, and their properties are documented in advance, allowing the final synthesis to proceed more efficiently and reducing overall development complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These compounds demonstrate good pesticidal activity against a variety of invertebrate pests, including difficult-to-control insects, offering a broad spectrum of control.
Implementation Method 1
reaction of a compound II with 1 to 1.5 equivalents of a suitable electrophile III in the presence of 1 to 2 equivalents of a base
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) wherein the variables have the meanings as defined in the specification, to compositions comprising them, to active compound combinations comprising them, and to their use for protecting growing plants and animals from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests, furthermore, to seed comprising such compounds.