Triazole-Cured Solid Propellant Composition Without Dehumidification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional urethane curing systems for solid propellants require dehumidification facilities due to moisture sensitivity, leading to increased costs and risks, and face compatibility issues with high-energy oxidizing agents like ADN, with toxic catalysts and complex synthesis processes.
Innovation Solution
A solid propellant composition using a triazole curing system formed by reactions between azide and alkyne compounds, which are less sensitive to moisture, compatible with ADN, and catalyst-free, forming a polymer network with higher energy triazole groups to enhance combustion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a urethane curing system is used to form a polymer network by reacting hydroxyl-terminated polymer and isocyanate compound, then the propellant can be cured and formed, but dehumidification facilities are required due to moisture sensitivity of isocyanate curing agent, increasing costs and risks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the curing system by replacing isocyanate compounds with triazole-based curing agents that have different moisture sensitivity characteristics. This parameter change eliminates the need for dehumidification facilities while maintaining curing reliability, directly resolving the technical contradiction between reliable curing and device complexity.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If isocyanate curing agent is exposed to moisture over time, then the isocyanate functional index decreases and the compound solidifies, but this causes quality decrease and premature disposal
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the long-lived but moisture-sensitive isocyanate curing agent with triazole-based curing agents that have improved storage stability. The new curing system maintains its effectiveness over time without requiring disposal due to moisture exposure, resolving the contradiction between storage duration and reliability.
3Reliability
If dehumidification is performed to prevent moisture-related issues, then curing agent stability is maintained, but static electricity risk increases especially in winter
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of moisture sensitivity into a benefit by selecting triazole-based curing agents that are inherently less sensitive to moisture. This eliminates the need for dehumidification processes that generate static electricity, thereby resolving the contradiction between maintaining stability and avoiding static electricity hazards.
4Use of energy by moving object
If ammonium diniramide (ADN) is used as high-energy oxidizing agent to increase specific impulse, then propellant energy increases, but compatibility problems with isocyanate curing agent arise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite curing system where triazole-based curing agents are specifically selected to be compatible with ADN oxidizing agent. This composite approach allows the propellant to achieve high specific impulse from ADN while maintaining composition stability through compatible curing chemistry, resolving the contradiction between energy performance and compositional stability.
5Ease of manufacture
If isocyanate curing agents are synthesized using conventional methods, then curing agents can be produced, but toxic gases such as phosgene are used, leading to restrictions in developed countries
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the harmful synthesis step involving toxic phosgene gas from the curing agent production process. By selecting triazole-based curing agents that can be produced through safer, non-phosgene routes, the invention maintains ease of manufacture while removing toxic gas emissions, resolving the contradiction between manufacturability and environmental safety.
6Reliability
If conventional urethane reaction is used for curing, then propellant can be formed, but process complexity increases due to different acid or base catalyst requirements depending on isocyanate type
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces triazole-based curing agents that provide universal curing capability across different propellant formulations without requiring specific acid or base catalysts for each isocyanate type. This universal approach simplifies the manufacturing process while ensuring complete curing, resolving the contradiction between reliable curing and process complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The triazole curing system eliminates the need for dehumidification, reduces static electricity risks, enhances propellant energy and combustion rate, and is environmentally friendly, while maintaining propellant quality.
Implementation Method 1
the alkyne groups of the polymer react with the compound having azide groups to form a triazole group
Implementation Method 2
the azide groups of the polymer react with the compound having alkyne groups to form a triazole group
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a solid propellant composition for curing azide-alkyne triazole, which cures a propellant by forming a polymer network using triazole groups formed by a reaction between an azide compound and an alkyne compound, and a method for preparing a solid propellant using same.