Trichlorosilylsulfide Anion Synthesis for Safe Organosulfur Production
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing sulfur-containing compounds, such as organosulfur compounds and sulfide materials, face challenges due to the use of toxic and dangerous hydrogen sulfide gas, which requires careful handling and can lead to low yields and regioisomer formation, and existing thionation reagents like phosphorus pentasulfide and Lawesson's reagent have drawbacks like high costs and complex purification processes.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the preparation of the trichlorosilylsulfide anion by reacting a bisulfate source with trichlorosilane, avoiding the use of hydrogen sulfide and allowing for the synthesis of sulfur-carbon bonds at ambient temperature, which can be used to produce alkylthiols and convert carbonyl groups to thiocarbonyl compounds without the need for column chromatography.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If hydrogen sulfide gas is used to produce sulfur-containing compounds, then sulfur-carbon bonds can be formed, but the process becomes dangerous and requires careful handling due to toxicity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a silyl sulfide intermediate compound (containing Si-S bond) as a mediator to transfer sulfur to carbon substrates. This intermediary approach replaces direct use of toxic hydrogen sulfide gas, allowing sulfur-carbon bond formation without handling dangerous gases. The silyl sulfide acts as a safe, controllable sulfur source that can be introduced into reactions under mild conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical state and chemical form of sulfur from gaseous hydrogen sulfide (toxic, difficult to control) to solid or liquid silyl sulfide compounds (safe, easy to handle). This parameter change in the sulfur source enables the same synthetic transformations to be performed under safer, more controllable conditions without requiring special gas handling equipment.
2Productivity
If existing thionation reagents like phosphorus pentasulfide and Lawesson's reagent are used, then sulfur-containing compounds can be synthesized, but the cost increases and purification becomes complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs silyl sulfide reagents that are inexpensive, readily available, and used in stoichiometric amounts. These reagents are designed to be consumed in the reaction without requiring recovery or complex purification. The byproducts are simple salts that can be removed by standard aqueous workup, eliminating the need for elaborate purification procedures required by expensive reagents like Lawesson's reagent.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the sulfur transfer capability from complex, expensive thionation reagents and concentrates it into simple silyl sulfide compounds. This extracted approach uses minimal molecular complexity (just Si-S bond) to achieve the same sulfur transfer function, thereby simplifying the overall synthesis and purification process while maintaining high efficiency.
3Productivity
If hydrogen sulfide gas is used for sulfur-carbon bond formation, then organosulfur compounds can be produced, but yields decrease due to regioisomer formation
Solution Approach 1:
The silyl sulfide reagent provides localized sulfur transfer capability with high regioselectivity. The Si-S bond is positioned to transfer sulfur specifically to the desired carbon position on the substrate, avoiding unwanted regioisomers. This local precision in sulfur delivery contrasts with the non-selective behavior of hydrogen sulfide gas, which can attack multiple positions on polyfunctional substrates.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method provides a safer, more efficient route to sulfur-containing compounds, eliminating the risks associated with hydrogen sulfide and reducing the need for costly reagents, while enabling the formation of sulfur-carbon bonds and the production of alkylthiols and thiocarbonyl compounds with improved yields and simplified purification.
Implementation Method 1
contacting a sulfate-source with a silane reducing agent to produce the silyl sulfide
Implementation Method 2
contacting a silyl sulfide with a compound having a carbon-halide or a carbon-oxygen bond
Data Source
AI summary
Preparation of sulfur fine chemicals from sulfur sources is described.