Fixed-tilt solar arrays and related systems
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Solution Overview
Problem
The high upfront costs and inefficiencies in supporting large-scale solar arrays, particularly in distributing lateral loads, hinder widespread adoption and optimization of solar energy systems.
Innovation Solution
A truss-based foundation system, known as EARTH TRUSS, which efficiently translates lateral loads into axial forces, allowing for the use of less steel and shallower foundations, and is adaptable for both single-axis trackers and fixed-tilt solar arrays, providing rapid installation and cost-effective construction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If conventional monopile foundations are used to support solar arrays, then the structure can support the required loads, but the amount of steel and foundation depth increase, leading to higher material costs and longer installation time
Solution Approach 1:
The foundation system is segmented into multiple discrete ground anchors distributed across the array footprint, with each anchor supporting a localized portion of the lateral load through cable tension, rather than using continuous monopile structures. This segmentation allows load distribution across many small elements rather than concentrating requirements in few large elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The foundation approach transitions from vertical monopile structures to a three-dimensional cable-net system where anchors are distributed both horizontally and vertically across the array. The cables create a spatial load-path that distributes forces through multiple dimensions, replacing the single-dimensional vertical support of monopiles.
2Strength
If conventional monopile foundations are used to support solar arrays, then the structure can support the required loads, but the foundation depth increases, leading to longer installation time and higher costs
Solution Approach 1:
The foundation system divides the support function into many shallow, discrete ground anchors rather than requiring a few deep monopile structures. Each anchor is installed independently at shallow depths using standard equipment, eliminating the need for heavy excavation and deep driving equipment required for monopiles.
Solution Approach 2:
The ground anchors utilize the natural bearing capacity of the soil at shallow depths, requiring minimal preparation or deep installation. The system serves itself by distributing loads across the available shallow soil profile rather than requiring deep penetration to reach competent bearing layers.
3Strength
If conventional foundation systems are used, then adequate load support is achieved, but material costs and installation complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The ground anchor-cable system serves multiple functions: it provides lateral load support, distributes forces across the array footprint, and can be installed using standard construction equipment. The same basic anchor and cable components can be used across different array configurations and locations, simplifying procurement and installation procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses numerous inexpensive, simple ground anchors and cables rather than expensive, complex monopile structures. Each individual anchor-cable assembly is a simple, low-cost element that can be easily replaced or adjusted if needed, reducing overall system complexity and cost.
Data Source
AI summary
Fixed-tilt solar arrays constructed from screw anchors. A row of truss foundation is installed, with each foundation consisting of a pair of adjacent angled truss legs. A truss cap or adapter joins the legs and provides a support structure to support a rail that in turn supports purlins extending between adjacent, spaced apart truss foundations. Solar panels are attached directly to the purlins using clamps or other conventional mounting systems.