TTI Scheduling for TCP Throughput Ramp-Up in Cellular Networks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cellular networks face challenges in efficiently ramping up throughput to maximum sustainable levels without causing congestion, particularly in 5G networks, where dynamic and flexible radio access technologies are needed to support diverse services like enhanced mobile broadband and massive machine type communications.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a cross-layer mechanism between TCP and Layer1/Layer2 protocols that allows user equipment (UE) to initially use shorter transmit time intervals (TTIs) for faster congestion window increase, followed by switching to longer TTIs to balance throughput and overhead, thereby reducing round-trip time and enhancing data transmission efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If shorter TTI duration is used during the first period of time, then TCP throughput ramps up faster and congestion window increases more rapidly, but network overhead increases and round-trip time decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the TTI duration adjustable and time-dependent. The system dynamically switches from a first TTI duration during an initial period to a second TTI duration after the period expires, allowing the network to optimize between fast throughput ramp-up (shorter TTI) and reduced overhead (longer TTI) based on the connection phase
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses preliminary action by establishing a predetermined first period of time during which shorter TTI duration is used to quickly ramp up TCP throughput. This preliminary phase prepares the connection for high-speed data transfer before transitioning to the normal phase with longer TTI duration
2Productivity
If shorter TTI duration is used during the first period of time, then congestion window size increases more rapidly, but round-trip time becomes shorter
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts TTI duration based on the connection phase. During the initial period, shorter TTI enables faster congestion window growth by reducing the time between acknowledgments, while after the period expires, longer TTI is used to reduce overall round-trip time for steady-state communications
3Loss of energy
If longer TTI duration is used during the first period of time, then network overhead is reduced, but TCP throughput ramps up more slowly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes a preliminary period with shorter TTI duration specifically designed to accelerate TCP throughput ramp-up. After this preliminary phase completes, the system transitions to longer TTI duration to reduce network overhead during steady-state operation
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically selects TTI duration based on the connection phase: using shorter TTI during the initial ramp-up period to maximize throughput growth, then switching to longer TTI after the period expires to minimize overhead during stable high-speed operation
Data Source
AI summary
A wireless device, such as a user equipment device (UE), and a base station are disclosed, which may communicate with more efficient use of dynamic transmit time interval durations to enable a faster and more efficient ramp up of TCP communications to a higher or maximum throughput. The UE may communicate uplink or downlink communications with the base station according to a first shorter TTI duration for a first period of time. After the first period of time, the UE may communicate uplink or downlink communications to the base station according to a second longer TTI duration. For the case of uplink communications, the UE may be configured to increase a congestion window size after each acknowledgement of an uplink communication received by the base station during the first period of time. For the case of downlink communications, the base station may be configured to increase a congestion window size after each acknowledgement of a downlink communication received by the UE during the first period of time.