Tube Bundle Refrigerant Distributor for Uniform Spray Coverage
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional vapor compression systems in refrigeration and air conditioning face inefficiencies in fluid distribution over tube bundles, leading to suboptimal heat transfer and operational performance.
Innovation Solution
A distributor with an enclosure having a specific aspect ratio and distribution devices that apply fluid at a controlled spray angle, optimizing fluid flow and distribution over the tube bundle to enhance heat transfer efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional fluid distribution methods are used over tube bundles, then the system structure is simple, but fluid distribution uniformity and heat transfer efficiency deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The distributor is segmented into multiple functional components: an enclosure structure, multiple distribution devices with nozzles, and support elements. Each component performs a specific function in directing and distributing fluid across the tube bundle, enabling precise control over fluid distribution patterns while maintaining modular construction
Solution Approach 2:
The distribution devices are positioned at specific locations within the enclosure to target different regions of the tube bundle. The nozzles are arranged to provide localized fluid application where needed most, creating non-uniform distribution patterns that optimize heat transfer in specific areas rather than applying uniform distribution across all surfaces
2Adaptability or versatility
If fluid pressure varies during operation, then the system adapts to different operating conditions, but spray angle and distribution uniformity deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The distribution system is designed with dynamic characteristics where the nozzle geometry and enclosure configuration work together to maintain consistent spray patterns across varying pressure conditions. The structural elements are positioned and dimensioned to compensate for pressure-induced variations in fluid flow, keeping the spray angle within the optimal 60-180 degree range regardless of operating pressure fluctuations
3Productivity
If aspect ratio is not optimized, then manufacturing is simpler, but fluid flow and heat transfer efficiency deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The enclosure is designed with a specific aspect ratio parameter optimized for fluid flow characteristics and heat transfer performance. This geometric parameter is carefully selected to balance manufacturing complexity with operational efficiency, creating a proportion that enhances fluid distribution while remaining feasible to fabricate using standard manufacturing processes
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves fluid distribution uniformity and heat transfer efficiency across the tube bundle, maintaining performance across a range of fluid pressures, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of the vapor compression system.
Implementation Method 1
the at least one distribution device includes at least one opening formed in the end feature. The at least one opening is configured and disposed to distribute fluid at a spray angle of between about 60 degrees and about 180 degrees
Implementation Method 2
an evaporator to effect a transfer of thermal energy between the refrigerant of the system and another liquid to be cooled
Implementation Method 3
The refrigerant is brought into contact with the outer or exterior surfaces of the tube bundle inside the shell, resulting in a transfer of thermal energy between the liquid to be cooled and the refrigerant
Implementation Method 4
As a result of the thermal energy transfer with the liquid, the refrigerant is heated and converted to a vapor state
Data Source
AI summary
A distributor for use in a vapor compression system includes an enclosure configured to be positioned in a heat exchanger having a tube bundle including a plurality of tubes extending substantially horizontally in the heat exchanger. At least one distribution device formed in an end of the enclosure positioned to face the tube bundle, the at least one distribution device configured to apply a fluid entering the distributor onto the tube bundle. The enclosure has an aspect ratio between about ½:1 and about 10:1.