Tubing Hanger Annular Plenum Flow Path Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing production systems in natural resource extraction, such as oil and gas, face issues with undesirable flow restrictions in components like hangers due to design constraints.
Innovation Solution
A hanger system with an annular plenum and offset bores is introduced, where fluid flow is directed through a first bore to an annular plenum and then to a second bore, enhancing flow path management and reducing restrictions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If traditional hanger design is used, then structural simplicity is maintained, but flow restrictions occur in the hanger
Solution Approach 1:
The hanger body is segmented into multiple functional zones with separate bore paths. The first bore extends from the first axial end portion to the annular plenum, while the second bore extends from the second axial end portion to the annular plenum. This segmentation allows independent optimization of flow paths, eliminating flow restrictions while maintaining structural integrity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces an annular plenum as a three-dimensional flow distribution chamber within the hanger body. This adds a radial dimension to the flow path, allowing fluid to distribute circumferentially around the central axis before entering the second bore, thereby increasing flow capacity without proportionally increasing external dimensions.
2Ease of manufacture
If design constraints are applied to hanger components, then manufacturing feasibility is improved, but flow restrictions are created
Solution Approach 1:
The annular plenum serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a flow distribution chamber, a structural reinforcement element, and a mounting interface for internal components. This multi-functionality allows the hanger to achieve improved flow characteristics without adding separate dedicated components, thereby maintaining manufacturing feasibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention merges the flow distribution function with the hanger body structure itself. The annular plenum is integrated into the hanger body as an internal chamber rather than being a separate external component, combining structural and flow management functions into a single manufacturable piece.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system improves fluid flow efficiency by providing a flexible and expanded flow path between upper and lower portions of the hanger, reducing flow restrictions and enhancing overall system performance.
Implementation Method 1
directing a fluid flow through a first bore extending from a first axial end portion of a hanger to an annular plenum, wherein the annular plenum is disposed circumferentially about an axis of the hanger. The method also includes directing the fluid from the first bore through the annular plenum to a second bore extending from a second axial end portion of the hanger to the annular plenum
Data Source
AI summary
A tubing hanger assembly may include a tubing hanger and an annulus plenum designed for annulus flow that allows for communication of otherwise discontinuous bores and/or flow paths above and below the annular plenum. An annulus plenum flow path arrangement is used to connect discontinuous annulus bores from the top and the bottom of the tubing hanger in a way that maximizes flow through area while leaving space in the tubing hanger for other through bores. Further, a specifically designed flange may reduce the size and quantity of fasteners and be used in areas where radial space does not permit a full flange. The flange is compact and designed to maximize the size of an equipment-loaded bore that needs an end connection while doing so in a space-constrained environment.