Tubular Reactor Catalyst Support Relocation

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

The loading and unloading of catalysts in traditional tubular reactors is cumbersome and time-consuming due to the use of metallic supports within the tubes, which limits operational efficiency and flexibility.

Innovation Solution

A modified tubular reactor design where the catalyst is supported outside the tube plates, with a feeding distributor and flow deflector system that allows for easier catalyst management and efficient fluid distribution, eliminating the need for internal metallic supports.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If metallic supports are used within the tubes to hold catalyst, then catalyst containment is improved, but catalyst loading and unloading becomes cumbersome and time-consuming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecatalyst containmentVSAvoidcatalyst loading and unloading time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the metallic support structure from inside the tubes and relocates it to the tube sheet. This allows the catalyst to be held in a peripheral region rather than requiring internal supports, enabling direct access for loading and unloading operations without disassembling internal components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of placing supports inside the tubes to hold catalyst, the invention inverts the approach by placing supports on the tube sheet (outside the tubes) to hold catalyst in the peripheral region. This reversal of support location fundamentally changes the loading/unloading accessibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Stability of the object's composition

If metallic supports are used within the tubes, then structural stability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural stabilityVSAvoidreactor structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The metallic support is extracted from the complex internal tube structure and relocated to the simpler tube sheet location, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining structural stability through the support's anchoring function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Productivity

If catalyst is held inside tubes by metallic supports, then catalytic reaction efficiency is maintained, but operational flexibility is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecatalytic reaction efficiencyVSAvoidoperational flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The invention inverts the catalyst support location from internal tube supports to external tube sheet supports, enabling operational flexibility for catalyst replacement while maintaining reaction efficiency through adequate catalyst containment in the peripheral region.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

4Power

If traditional tubular reactor design is used, then thermal exchange efficiency is improved, but catalyst management becomes complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal exchange efficiencyVSAvoidcatalyst management
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The support structure is taken out from the tube interior and placed on the tube sheet, separating the thermal exchange function (maintained in tubes) from the catalyst management function (simplified through external support), thereby improving ease of catalyst management while preserving thermal efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design enhances the flexibility and efficiency of catalyst loading and unloading, reduces operational complexity, and maintains high reaction selectivity and thermodynamic control, while minimizing catalyst usage and byproduct formation.

Implementation Method 1

a tubular reactor for catalytic reactions involving thermal exchanges

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

the cooling liquid is preferably water... flows in the shell side

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 3

the catalyst is kept in the tubes by means of metallic supports... catalysts (ion exchange acid resins) are practically the same for both etherification and dimerization reactions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCatalysis: Catalysis

Implementation Method 4

vertical tube-bundle exchangers, in which the catalyst is kept in the tubes... fluid used for releasing or removing heat, flows in the shell side

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Data Source

PatentEP2178627B1Modified tubular reactor and process for effecting catalytic reactions involving thermal exchanges in which it is used
Publication Date: 2020.07.01 SAIPEM SPA
  • EP2178627B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2178627B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2178627B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A tubular reactor is described, for catalytic reactions involving thermal exchanges, in particular for etherification reactions between branched olefins and linear alcohol, for dimerization reactions of branched olefins or cracking reactions, essentially consisting of a vertical tube-bundle exchanger whose tubes contain catalyst, having inlet and outlet nozzles for each passage side of the reagents, catalyst and thermal exchange liquid, characterized in that it has one or more metallic supports situated outside the lower tube plate in the lower part of the reactor for sustaining the catalyst so that the same catalyst is contained not only in the tubes of the tube-bundle but also in said lower part outside the lower tube plate and also in the upper part outside the upper tube plate.