Tubular RF Beam Control Cells for Wide-Angle Impedance Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing RF beam control devices face limitations in controlling beams over a large angular sector due to significant mutual coupling between radiating elements, leading to reduced transmission performance and 'blinding directions', and current adaptation solutions are complex and costly with potential ohmic losses.

Innovation Solution

A device with a tubular support frame and variable slot widths along its axis, combined with longitudinal metal ribs and planar metallic elements, stabilizes active impedance across a wide angular sector, reducing blinding directions and manufacturing complexity, using 3D printing for efficient production.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional planar array devices are used, then beam control is achieved, but mutual coupling between radiating elements causes impedance instability and blinding directions over wide angular sectors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveactive impedance stabilityVSAvoidangular sector coverage
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies curvature by transitioning from a conventional planar array to a cylindrical geometry. The radiating elements are arranged along the circumference of a cylinder rather than on a flat plane. This curved configuration changes the spatial relationships between elements, reducing mutual coupling effects and eliminating blinding directions while maintaining impedance stability across wide angular sectors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention adds a third dimension by arranging radiating elements along the cylindrical circumference rather than confining them to a two-dimensional plane. This dimensional transition allows elements to be distributed in three-dimensional space, improving angular coverage and reducing harmful interactions between adjacent elements through increased spatial separation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Adaptability or versatility

If WAIM screens or dielectric substrates are used for impedance matching, then angular adaptability improves, but manufacturing complexity and ohmic losses increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveangular beam misalignment rangeVSAvoidmanufacturing constraints
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes dielectric substrates and complex impedance matching screens from the structure, replacing them with a simplified cylindrical metallic framework. This extraction eliminates the need for precise dielectric material selection and complex matching network design, significantly reducing manufacturing complexity while maintaining wide angular adaptability through the inherent geometry of the cylindrical arrangement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the fundamental geometric parameters of the antenna structure from planar to cylindrical coordinates. By modifying the spatial arrangement parameter (from 2D plane to 3D cylinder), the system achieves wide angular coverage without requiring additional impedance matching components, thereby simplifying the overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If complex adaptation solutions with dielectric substrates are implemented, then impedance stability improves, but ohmic losses and manufacturing costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimpedance stabilityVSAvoidohmic losses
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite structure combining metallic cylindrical framework with strategically positioned radiating elements. This composite design eliminates the need for lossy dielectric substrates while maintaining impedance stability through the geometric configuration. The metallic structure provides both mechanical support and electromagnetic functionality, reducing ohmic losses by removing dielectric materials from the signal path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables efficient control of RF beams over a wide angular sector with reduced blinding directions, stabilizing active impedance, and minimizing manufacturing complexity and costs, while maintaining compactness and reducing weight, suitable for telecommunications antenna systems.

Implementation Method 1

The device comprises a set of at least one cell (100) corresponding to a radiating element... each radiofrequency beam being defined according to a given propagation direction having an angle of incidence θ relative to the device... The support frame further comprises a number N of slots extending, along the frame axis Z, between the frame exit and a slot position Z 0n along the frame axis Z

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic wave propagation: Waveguide

Implementation Method 2

The support frame is inscribed in a generally tubular shape oriented along the Z axis of the orthogonal frame (X,Y,Z). The tubular shape has a length dz given along the axis of the frame Z and a cross-section defined in the plane (X,Y). The cross-section has a perimeter P, the support frame comprises a frame entrance and a frame exit... Each slot has a slot width w n variable along the frame Z axis

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGeometric beam control: Geometry

Data Source

PatentEP4372910A1Device for controlling RF electromagnetic beams according to their angle of incidence and manufacturing method
Publication Date: 2024.05.22 THALES SA
  • EP4372910A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4372910A1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP4372910A1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A radio frequency beam control device (10) is proposed, comprising an array of cells (100). Each cell includes a support frame (130) and an excitation element (150), and performs beam transmission and/or reception that is invariant regardless of the beam propagation direction. The frame is inscribed in a generally tubular shape, oriented along the Z-axis of an (X,Y,Z) coordinate system, having a cross-section of perimeter P, and includes an inlet (131), an outlet (132), and a number N of slots (133-n) between the outlet and a position Zo located between the inlet and the outlet. Each slot has a variable width along Z. The slot width has a minimum value at position Zo and a maximum value at the outlet, determined according to the perimeter P and the number N.