Tumor-Associated Peptides for Targeted Immunotherapy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current immunotherapeutic approaches for cancers such as glioblastoma, breast cancer, and others face challenges in effectively stimulating anti-tumor immune responses, with existing peptide vaccines and therapies often showing limited clinical benefits and significant side effects.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel peptide sequences derived from HLA class I molecules of human tumor cells, which can be used in vaccine compositions to elicit anti-tumor immune responses or as targets for immunologically active compounds, specifically designed to bind to MHC molecules and induce T-cell responses, both in vitro and in vivo.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional peptide vaccines and immunotherapies are used, then anti-tumor immune responses can be stimulated, but clinical benefits are limited and side effects are significant
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by selecting peptides that are specifically over-expressed in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. This creates a localized immune response targeted at tumor-specific antigens, thereby improving clinical benefit while minimizing side effects through tumor-selective activation of T-cells.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by identifying peptide sequences with specific binding characteristics to MHC molecules and optimizing their immunogenicity parameters. This includes selecting peptides with specific amino acid sequences that enhance T-cell recognition and response, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy while reducing off-target effects.
2Reliability
If peptide sequences are designed to bind MHC molecules and induce T-cell responses, then anti-tumor immunity is enhanced, but specificity and targeting accuracy must be optimized
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the tumor antigen into specific peptide segments that are presented by MHC molecules. This allows for precise identification and targeting of specific epitopes that elicit T-cell responses, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immunity while maintaining high specificity through careful selection of peptide segments.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces mechanical/physical peptide characterization methods with computational approaches to predict MHC binding and T-cell recognition. This substitution enables more precise design and selection of peptide sequences with optimized binding characteristics, improving both immune response efficacy and peptide specificity without requiring extensive experimental testing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These peptides demonstrate enhanced specificity and over-presentation on tumor tissues compared to normal tissues, potentially leading to improved clinical outcomes with reduced side effects by stimulating robust and targeted anti-tumor immune responses.
Implementation Method 1
Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.