Tumor Peptide Epitopes for Targeted T Cell Stimulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current immunotherapeutic approaches for cancers such as glioblastoma, breast cancer, and others face challenges in effectively stimulating anti-tumor immune responses, with existing peptide vaccines and therapies showing limited clinical benefits and significant side effects.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel peptide sequences and their variants derived from HLA class I molecules of human tumor cells, which are used in vaccine compositions to elicit anti-tumor immune responses or as targets for immunologically active compounds, specifically binding to MHC molecules to stimulate T cells and induce targeted immune responses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional peptide vaccines and immunotherapies are used, then anti-tumor immune responses are stimulated, but clinical benefits are limited and side effects occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies peptide parameters by deriving sequences from HLA class I molecules of human tumor cells and selecting specific amino acid sequences (SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 289, 305, 306) that bind to MHC molecules with enhanced specificity, thereby improving immune response effectiveness while reducing off-target effects
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the tumor cell proteins into specific peptide epitopes that are presented by HLA class I molecules, allowing targeted stimulation of T cells against specific tumor antigens rather than broad non-specific activation, thus improving efficacy and reducing side effects
2Measurement precision
If existing peptide vaccines are used, then T cells are stimulated, but specificity and targeting accuracy are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts specific peptide sequences from the broader context of tumor cell proteins, isolating the critical HLA class I binding epitopes that are necessary for T cell recognition, thereby achieving high specificity without requiring complex vaccine formulations
Solution Approach 2:
The patent focuses on local HLA class I molecule structures and their specific peptide binding grooves, designing peptides tailored to match these local molecular features, which enhances targeting accuracy while simplifying the overall vaccine design
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These peptides demonstrate enhanced specificity and over-presentation on tumor tissues, potentially leading to improved anti-tumor immune responses with reduced side effects, offering a more effective immunotherapy for various cancers.
Implementation Method 1
Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.