Tunable PA Matching Network for Envelope Tracking Delay Control

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional envelope tracking systems face challenges in maintaining tight time synchronization of RF envelope and power amplifier supply voltage, leading to degraded adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) performance and memory effects due to frequency-dependent ET delay and gain variations, especially when interacting with filters like duplexers, which are not effectively addressed by existing methods.

Innovation Solution

A tunable matching network with a control component that adjusts impedance based on operating conditions such as frequency and temperature to optimize ET delay and gain variations, minimizing phase and amplitude changes across frequency, thereby improving ACLR and overall system efficiency by optimizing the interface between the power amplifier and filter.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If envelope tracking is used to reduce battery current and improve efficiency, then power consumption is reduced, but time synchronization between RF envelope and PA supply voltage deteriorates due to frequency-dependent ET delay

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery currentVSAvoidtime synchronization
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the matching network tunable and adjustable based on operating conditions. The matching network impedance is dynamically adjusted according to frequency and temperature to optimize ET delay and maintain time synchronization across different operating points, resolving the contradiction between efficiency improvement and synchronization reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes physical parameters of the matching network (impedance, capacitance, inductance) to optimize ET characteristics. By adjusting these parameters based on frequency and temperature, the system maintains consistent ET delay performance across the transmit band while preserving the battery current reduction benefits of envelope tracking.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If envelope tracking operates across wideband frequencies, then communication versatility is improved, but ET delay and gain variations increase due to filter interactions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency rangeVSAvoidET delay consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The matching network is designed to be dynamically tunable across different frequency ranges. By adjusting the matching network parameters based on the operating frequency and temperature, the system maintains consistent ET delay and gain characteristics across the wideband transmit range, enabling versatile operation without sacrificing delay consistency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by optimizing the matching network for specific frequency sub-bands and operating conditions. Different matching configurations are used for different parts of the frequency spectrum, allowing each local region to be optimized for its specific characteristics while maintaining overall system performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Device complexity

If a fixed matching network is used between PA and filter, then device complexity is reduced, but ACLR performance degrades due to impedance mismatch variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematching networkVSAvoidACLR performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The matching network transitions from a fixed design to a dynamic, tunable system. The matching network parameters are adjusted based on operating conditions (frequency, temperature) to maintain optimal impedance matching and minimize reflections, thereby improving ACLR performance without excessive complexity increase through controlled tunability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system incorporates feedback mechanisms to monitor operating conditions and adjust the matching network accordingly. This feedback loop ensures that the matching network adapts to maintain optimal performance across varying conditions, improving ACLR while managing complexity through intelligent control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution achieves improved linearity and efficiency gains in envelope tracking systems by optimizing ET characteristics across the transmit band, reducing ACLR values and bit error rates, and ensuring the power amplifier operates close to peak efficiency, even in wideband communication modes.

Implementation Method 1

A tunable matching network with a control component that adjusts impedance based on operating conditions such as frequency and temperature to optimize ET delay and gain variations

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectImpedance matching: Electrical Resistance

Data Source

PatentEP3032738B1Method and apparatus for correcting inconvenient power amplifier load characteristics in an envelope tracking based system
Publication Date: 2019.12.25 INTEL CORP
  • EP3032738B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3032738B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3032738B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A tunable matching network is configured to couple at least one filter with a power amplifier that is configured to operate in an envelope tracking (ET) mode of operation over a transmit band. A control component is configured to detect a present set of operating conditions of the power amplifier when the power amplifier operates in the ET mode of operation. The present set of operating conditions comprises a present frequency of operation, and the control component is further configured to transmit a control signal to the tunable matching network in response to the detected present set of operating conditions. The tunable matching network is further configured to adjust an impedance of the tunable matching network in response to the transmitted control signal such that one or more ET characteristics are optimized based at least in part on the present set of operating conditions.