Intermediate Tunnel Nodes for Reliable Slice-Based Web Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing Internet communication technologies face inefficiencies due to network congestion, traffic load balancing, and unpredictable network behavior, leading to issues such as packet loss, duplication, and out-of-order delivery, which are not effectively addressed by current TCP/IP protocols.
Innovation Solution
Implementing intermediate nodes that function as both end-users and intermediate nodes to enhance communication by optimizing data routing and managing network congestion, utilizing advanced protocols to improve data transmission reliability and efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If TCP/IP protocols are used for Internet communication, then basic data transmission is enabled, but packet loss, duplication, and out-of-order delivery occur due to network congestion and unpredictable network behavior
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces intermediate nodes (gateway devices) that act as mediators between end devices and the Internet. These gateway devices receive data from end devices, encapsulate it in packets with unique identifiers, and manage retransmission. The intermediary gateway device buffers packets during network congestion and ensures reliable delivery by tracking packet status and requesting retransmission of lost packets, thereby resolving the reliability-packet loss contradiction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where gateway devices monitor network conditions and packet delivery status. When packets are lost or delivered out of order, the gateway device detects this through acknowledgments from the destination and initiates retransmission. This feedback loop ensures that unreliable network transmissions are corrected, improving data transmission reliability while compensating for packet loss.
2Reliability
If intermediate nodes are added to improve data transmission reliability, then packet loss and latency are reduced, but network complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes gateway devices universal by enabling them to perform multiple functions: they act as both end devices (consuming Internet content) and as intermediate nodes (forwarding data for other end devices). This multi-functionality reduces the need for dedicated intermediate infrastructure, as existing end devices can be upgraded to serve dual purposes, thereby improving reliability without proportionally increasing overall network complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The gateway devices perform self-service by autonomously managing packet routing, buffering, and retransmission without requiring complex centralized control. Each gateway independently tracks its buffered packets, monitors acknowledgments, and initiates retransmissions when needed. This decentralized self-service approach improves reliability while keeping individual device complexity manageable through standardized protocols.
3Stability of the object's composition
If gateway devices buffer packets during network congestion, then out-of-order delivery is prevented, but network latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic buffering at gateway devices, where the buffering behavior adapts to current network conditions. During congestion, gateways buffer packets to maintain order; when the network is clear, they forward packets immediately. This dynamic adjustment optimizes the trade-off between maintaining packet order and minimizing latency, as buffering is applied only when necessary rather than universally.
Solution Approach 2:
The gateway devices perform preliminary actions by pre-buffering packets and assigning sequence numbers before forwarding them to the destination. This preliminary organization allows the destination to reconstruct the original message order without requiring extensive reordering operations later. By preparing packets in advance with proper sequencing, the system maintains stability while reducing the time needed for reordering at the destination.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for fetching a content from a web server to a client device is disclosed, using tunnel devices serving as intermediate devices. The client device accesses an acceleration server to receive a list of available tunnel devices. The requested content is partitioned into slices, and the client device sends a request for the slices to the available tunnel devices. The tunnel devices in turn fetch the slices from the data server, and send the slices to the client device, where the content is reconstructed from the received slices. A client device may also serve as a tunnel device, serving as an intermediate device to other client devices. Similarly, a tunnel device may also serve as a client device for fetching content from a data server. The selection of tunnel devices to be used by a client device may be in the acceleration server, in the client device, or in both. The partition into slices may be overlapping or non-overlapping, and the same slice (or the whole content) may be fetched via multiple tunnel devices.