Tunnel Sealing Coat and Bolt Support for Rapid Excavation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing coal mine tunnel excavation and support methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and lack sufficient supporting strength and quality, making them inefficient for rapid excavation and automation.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the spraying of a coating material with adhesive and sealing properties onto the tunnel surface to form a sealing coat, followed by inserting bolts for permanent support, utilizing a system with excavating, spraying, and bolt inserting devices to automate the process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If manual transportation and traditional support methods are used, then the supporting process can be completed, but the construction speed is slow and labor intensity is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical operations with automated spraying equipment and bolt inserting devices. The coating material is sprayed onto the tunnel surface automatically, and bolts are inserted through automated drilling and fastening systems, eliminating the need for manual transportation and traditional support methods, thereby significantly improving construction speed and reducing labor intensity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical state and application method of supporting materials. Instead of manual placement of traditional support elements, the system uses spray-applied coating materials that can be quickly deposited and cured, followed by automated bolt insertion. This parameter change in material application method enables rapid supporting while reducing labor requirements
2Extent of automation
If traditional bolt supporting process is used, then the surrounding rock can be supported, but the process is time-consuming and difficult to realize automation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple supporting operations into an integrated automated system. The coating material spraying and bolt inserting processes are combined in a coordinated sequence, where the spraying equipment and bolt inserting devices work together as a unified system. This merging enables the entire supporting process to be automated, reducing both time consumption and manual intervention requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies coating material to the tunnel surface in advance before bolt insertion. This preliminary action creates a bonded layer that prepares the surface for subsequent bolt anchoring, allowing the bolt inserting process to proceed more efficiently. The preliminary coating application enables automation by establishing a ready-to-anchor surface condition before the automated bolt insertion begins
3Strength
If metal beams and single hydraulic support are used, then temporary supporting can be provided, but the supporting strength is insufficient and supporting quality is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite supporting system combining coating material and bolts. The coating material forms a bonded layer on the tunnel surface, and bolts are inserted through this layer to anchor into the surrounding rock. This composite structure of coating material plus bolts provides enhanced supporting strength and improved supporting quality compared to using metal beams or single hydraulic support alone, as the two materials work together to distribute and resist rock pressures more effectively
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method and system enable rapid tunnel excavation and support, reducing labor intensity and increasing efficiency by eliminating the need for manual transportation and traditional support methods, while ensuring strong and durable tunnel support.
Implementation Method 1
The sealing coat has an adhesive property and a sealing property both meeting preset conditions
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a method and system for temporary coating supporting and permanent bolt supporting. Tunnel excavation construction operation is composed of a plurality of operation cycle units, and each of the operation cycle units includes: excavating by at least one row pitch to form a new tunnel; spraying a coating material onto a surface of the new tunnel to form a sealing coat on a surface of surrounding rock, wherein the sealing coat has an adhesive property and a sealing property both meeting preset conditions, and has a tensile strength and a toughness needed for supporting; and inserting bolts into the new tunnel to perform permanent supporting.