3D Tunnel Wall Scanning on Open-Type TBMs for Geological Logging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current manual geological logging methods for tunnel construction using open-type TBM are low in accuracy, time-consuming, and unable to obtain omnidirectional geological information of surrounding rocks effectively.
Innovation Solution
An automatic scanning system comprising a three-dimensional laser scanner, a walking unit, a circumferential track, connecting rods, and a remote-control unit, which enables automatic, accurate, rapid, and omnidirectional collection of geological information by scanning the tunnel walls while the TBM is in operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual geological logging is used, then the system complexity is low, but the measurement precision and productivity are poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical logging operations with an automated three-dimensional laser scanning system. The laser scanner automatically captures geological information of tunnel walls, eliminating the need for manual measurement and recording, thereby significantly improving measurement precision while managing system complexity through automation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system enables self-service geological logging by autonomously scanning tunnel walls and automatically processing the collected data. The laser scanner and control unit work together to perform measurements and generate geological reports without continuous human intervention, improving both precision and operational efficiency.
2Productivity
If manual geological logging is used, then the device complexity is low, but the productivity is low and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces slow manual logging processes with rapid automated laser scanning. The three-dimensional laser scanner can quickly capture extensive geological data along the tunnel alignment, dramatically increasing productivity and reducing the time required for geological surveys compared to manual methods.
Solution Approach 2:
The system maintains continuous scanning operation along the tunnel, with the laser scanner continuously capturing geological information as it moves. This continuous operation eliminates the intermittent nature of manual logging, maximizing productivity and minimizing total survey time.
3Loss of information
If manual geological logging is used, then the system complexity is low, but the ability to obtain omnidirectional information is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from two-dimensional manual surface logging to three-dimensional laser scanning. The system captures geological information in three dimensions, enabling comprehensive omnidirectional coverage of tunnel walls, roof, and floor, thus eliminating information loss in any directional aspect.
Solution Approach 2:
The laser scanning system performs multiple functions simultaneously: it scans vertical walls, inclined surfaces, and horizontal surfaces in a single operation. This multi-functional capability ensures complete omnidirectional information coverage without requiring separate logging procedures for different tunnel surfaces.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves high-accuracy, rapid, and omnidirectional scanning of geological conditions, reducing the need for manual operators, enhancing safety, and providing timely geological information for TBM construction projects.
Implementation Method 1
a three-dimensional laser scanner, configured to three-dimensionally scan geological information of the tunnel wall
Data Source
AI summary
An automatic scanning system for tunnel walls constructed by open-type TBM, to realize the automatic, accurate, rapid and omnidirectional scanning of tunnel wall. The system comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner, a walking unit, a circumferential track, several connecting rods and a remote-control unit; wherein the three-dimensional laser scanner is fixed on the walking unit. The walking unit is provided on the circumferential track and configured to walk on the circumferential track at a set speed and a set number of walking cycles according to a control instruction. The circumferential track is fixed on the main beam of open-type TBM through the connecting rods and located between the roof bolter and cylinder of gripper shoe. The remote-control unit is configured to issue the control instruction and control the three-dimensional laser scanner to scan the tunnel wall and transmit the scanning data using set scanning parameters.