Turbine Blade Centroid Shifting for Frequency Margin

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current techniques for tuning unshrouded gas turbine blade axial frequencies often result in both frequencies increasing or decreasing simultaneously, limiting the ability to gain margin on one mode without losing it on the other, and require significant changes to the turbine architecture, which can lead to performance penalties.

Innovation Solution

A method involving shifting the centroids of the blade stack portions to change the separation between the first and second natural frequencies by altering the effective beam lengths, specifically shifting the middle and upper centroids in different directions while maintaining the lower centroid position, thereby changing the second effective beam length without affecting the first.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional airfoil stack techniques are used to increase axial frequencies by increasing root chord and reducing tip chord, then the first axial frequency increases, but the second axial frequency also increases simultaneously, resulting in no net gain in frequency margin

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency marginVSAvoidaerodynamic performance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The blade stack is divided into multiple discrete airfoils that can be independently positioned along the span. By selectively shifting centroids of specific airfoil segments (e.g., mid-span and root airfoils) while maintaining others, the invention achieves independent control over different frequency modes, resolving the contradiction where conventional uniform modifications affect all modes simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the blade stack are given different modifications - specific airfoils have their centroids shifted while others remain unchanged. This localized approach allows the first axial frequency to be increased by modifying root/mid-span airfoils while the second axial frequency remains unaffected, thereby gaining frequency margin without compromising overall aerodynamic performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If the radial length of the blade is altered to tune natural frequencies, then frequency tuning is achieved, but significant changes to turbine architecture are required which create performance penalties

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenatural frequency tuningVSAvoidturbine performance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the positional parameters (centroid locations) of existing airfoils rather than altering the fundamental blade geometry or radial length. By shifting airfoils axially and radially within the existing stack envelope, natural frequencies are tuned without requiring changes to turbine architecture, thus avoiding performance penalties

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If airfoil shape is altered to tune natural frequency, then aeromechanic natural frequency margin is improved, but aerodynamic performance may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaeromechanic natural frequency marginVSAvoidaerodynamic performance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The blade is segmented into multiple airfoils where only specific segments are repositioned. This allows frequency tuning through centroid shifting of select airfoils while maintaining the original airfoil shapes and their optimized aerodynamic characteristics, thus improving frequency margin without compromising aerodynamic performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP3208421B1Turbine blade centroid shifting method and system
Publication Date: 2019.01.02 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP3208421B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3208421B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3208421B1 patent drawing

AI summary

A method for producing a rotating turbine blade 28 and tuning the natural frequencies (ωn) of the blade is disclosed that changes the second effective beam length (L2) of the blade thereby changing the separation between the first natural frequency (ωn) and the second natural frequency (ωn) of the blade.