Turbocharger Turbine Bypass Valve Casing Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing exhaust gas bypass systems for turbochargers face challenges in space constraints and high manufacturing costs, particularly in applications like ships where large-scale piping is required, and can lead to performance deterioration due to gas leakage when the opening/closing valve is closed.
Innovation Solution
An axial-flow turbine design with a bypass flow passage on the outer periphery of the casing, where the opening/closing valve controls the bypass flow passage to prevent exhaust gas from passing through the turbine rotor blade, reducing performance deterioration and simplifying casing design and manufacturing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a bypass pipe is provided separately from the turbocharger to enable exhaust gas bypass, then the exhaust gas bypass system can be implemented, but the system cannot be applied to ships with limited space and requires costly large-scale piping work
Solution Approach 1:
The bypass flow passage is integrated directly into the casing structure of the turbocharger, merging the bypass function with the main housing rather than using a separate bypass pipe. This eliminates the need for external piping and reduces space requirements, making the system applicable to ship installations with limited space.
Solution Approach 2:
The casing structure serves multiple functions: it houses the turbocharger components and simultaneously provides the bypass flow passage. This multi-functionality reduces the overall complexity and eliminates the need for separate bypass piping, addressing both space and cost constraints.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the bypass chamber is provided between inner and outer casings with partial communication, then the bypass function is achieved, but exhaust gas leaks without passing through the turbine rotor blade when the opening/closing valve is closed, reducing turbocharger performance
Solution Approach 1:
The bypass flow passage is extracted from the gap between casings and repositioned to the outer periphery of the casing, where it can be properly controlled by the opening/closing valve without causing performance deterioration from unintended gas leakage.
Solution Approach 2:
The opening/closing valve acts as an intermediary that completely controls the bypass flow passage, ensuring that when closed, no exhaust gas can leak without passing through the turbine rotor blade, thus maintaining turbocharger performance while preserving bypass functionality when needed.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the inner casing is given a special structure to form the bypass chamber, then the bypass function is achieved, but design time and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The bypass flow passage is merged with the outer casing structure rather than requiring a special inner casing design. This integration simplifies the inner casing design to its conventional form, reducing design time and manufacturing cost while maintaining bypass capability.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of modifying the inner casing to create the bypass chamber, the bypass flow passage is formed in the outer casing at its outer periphery. This inversion of the design approach simplifies manufacturing by using the existing outer casing structure rather than requiring complex inner casing modifications.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design prevents performance deterioration when the opening/closing valve is closed, reduces design and manufacturing costs, and allows for flexible installation of the turbocharger components based on the environment, ensuring efficient operation under varying load conditions.
Implementation Method 1
an axial-flow turbine 2 which is driven by exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine
Implementation Method 2
an opening/closing valve 51 which opens and closes the bypass flow passage 52
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a turbine that allows deterioration of performance to be suppressed when opening/closing valves are closed and the man-hours for designing an inner casing and manufacturing cost to be suppressed. Provided is a turbine that is equipped with: turbine rotor blades (4); an inner casing (21) and an outer casing (22) that form an exhaust gas flow passage; bypass sections (50) that are provided on the outer periphery of the inner casing (21) and outer casing (22) and form bypass flow passages (52) for leading the exhaust gas to an exhaust gas outlet (28a) so as to bypass the turbine rotor blades (4); and opening valves (51) for opening/closing the bypass flow passages (52).