Turbine Feed Duct Segmentation for Exhaust Pulse Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current turbines in charging devices face inefficiencies due to pressure pulses from sequential cylinder firing, leading to reduced charge changing efficiency, increased emissions, and high maintenance costs, particularly in vehicles with limited installation space.
Innovation Solution
A turbine design with a feed duct assembly and guide installation that separates cylinder groups, reducing pressure levels and improving charge changing efficiency by minimizing exhaust gas mass flow between cylinder groups, and featuring adjustable guide vanes for optimized fluid flow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single exhaust gas manifold is used to feed exhaust gas from sequentially firing cylinders to the turbine, then the device complexity is reduced, but pressure pulses from outlet valve opening negatively influence charge changing in other cylinders and reduce turbine efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust gas manifold is segmented into multiple separate manifolds, with each manifold serving a specific cylinder group. This segmentation prevents pressure pulses from one cylinder group from negatively influencing the charge changing of other cylinder groups, thereby improving charge changing efficiency while maintaining reasonable device complexity through modular architecture.
2Reliability
If multiple volutes are provided in the turbine housing to separately feed cylinder groups, then turbine efficiency is improved by reducing pressure pulses, but the installation space requirement increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple volutes are merged into a single integrated turbine housing structure, allowing separate feeding of different cylinder groups while maintaining a compact footprint. This combining approach achieves the benefit of reduced pressure pulses and improved turbine efficiency without proportionally increasing the overall installation space requirement.
3Device complexity
If fixed guide vanes are used in the guide installation, then the device complexity is reduced, but the ability to adapt to different operating points is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The guide vanes are designed to be adjustable rather than fixed, allowing the guide installation to adapt to different operating conditions and load requirements. This dynamic configuration enables optimization of fluid flow characteristics across a wider range of operating points while maintaining manageable device complexity through standardized adjustment mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design enhances turbine efficiency, reduces emissions, and lowers maintenance costs by improving charge changing and purging processes, while allowing for better linking of the turbine with cylinder groups, thus optimizing engine performance.
Implementation Method 1
a turbine wheel (300) which, in the receptacle space (120), is disposed between the feed duct assembly (200) and the turbine outlet duct (110)
Implementation Method 2
By varying the inflow (for example the flow cross section and the angle of incident flow) by adjusting the guide vanes, the flow velocity of the fluid flow, in particular exhaust gas flow, fed to the turbine wheel can in particular be varied
Data Source
AI summary
A turbine (10) for a charging device (1) with a turbine housing (100) with a feed duct assembly (200), a turbine outlet duct (110) and a receptacle space (120). The feed duct assembly (200) includes a first feed duct (210) having a first fluid inlet portion (211) and a first fluid outlet portion (212), and a second feed duct (220) having a second fluid inlet portion (221) and a second fluid outlet portion (222). The first fluid outlet portion (212) extends across a first angular range (α1) about the guide installation (400). The second fluid outlet portion (222) extends across a second angular range (α2) about the guide installation (400). The first angular range (α1) is larger than the second angular range (α2). The first fluid inlet portion (211) and the second fluid inlet portion (221) are mutually spaced apart in the circumferential direction (26).