Turbocharger Turbine Design for Partial Admission Exhaust Flow

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional turbocharger designs face inefficiencies due to partial admission phenomena, where gas inlets receive different mass flow rates and pressures, leading to unsteady flow and energy losses, as they assume equal admission conditions.

Innovation Solution

A method to determine design parameters for a turbine by analyzing time-series data from each gas inlet volute, calculating isentropic power, and using isentropic-power weighted mean turbine expansion and scroll pressure ratios to optimize turbine design, selecting a design point that minimizes low-power engine cycles and iteratively varying parameters to achieve high efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If conventional turbocharger designs assume equal admission conditions for both gas inlets, then the design process is simplified, but the turbine efficiency deteriorates due to partial admission phenomena causing unsteady flow and energy losses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedesign process complexityVSAvoidturbine energy losses
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by transitioning from assuming equal admission conditions to using measured time-series data of actual mass flow rates and pressures for each volute. This involves changing the design parameters from theoretical equal values to empirically-determined varying values that reflect real operating conditions, thereby reducing energy losses while maintaining manageable design complexity through systematic data analysis

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback by using measured time-series data from the engine exhaust system to inform the turbine design. The actual operating conditions are measured and fed back into the design process, allowing the turbine geometry to be optimized based on real-world performance data rather than theoretical assumptions, thus improving efficiency without excessive complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Loss of energy

If the turbine is designed based on time-series data and isentropic-power weighted mean parameters, then the turbine efficiency improves under actual engine conditions, but the design process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveturbine energy lossesVSAvoiddesign process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by performing comprehensive data collection and analysis before the actual turbine design. Time-series data from engine operation is gathered and processed in advance to determine the isentropic-power weighted mean parameters, so that when the design phase occurs, the optimal parameters are already calculated and ready, reducing the complexity of the design process itself while achieving improved efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical design intuition and simplified assumptions with a data-driven computational approach. Instead of relying on conventional design methods, the system uses measured operational data and computational analysis to determine design parameters, substituting empirical mechanics with information-based decision-making to optimize efficiency while managing complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Device complexity

If conventional designs use average power delivery assumptions, then the design process is simpler, but the turbine performance deteriorates under pulsating exhaust gas flow conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedesign process complexityVSAvoidturbine power delivery
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies periodic action by explicitly accounting for the pulsating nature of exhaust gas flow through time-series analysis. Instead of using static average values, the design captures the periodic variations in mass flow rate and pressure that occur during engine operation, allowing the turbine to be optimized for these periodic conditions and thereby improving power delivery while maintaining reasonable design complexity through systematic analysis of the periodic patterns

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method enhances turbine efficiency by optimizing design parameters based on actual engine conditions, reducing energy losses and improving performance across varying engine cycles.

Implementation Method 1

obtaining an isentropic power associated with each data point of the time series

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIsentropic expansion:

Data Source

PatentEP3714143B1Method of designing and producing a turbine
Publication Date: 2022.01.05 CUMMINS LTD
  • EP3714143B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3714143B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3714143B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A turbine with multiple gas inlets is designed by a process of, for a given engine, obtaining time series data characterizing the power bias of the engine, obtaining an isentropic power associated with each data point of the time series, and using the isentropic powers to obtain a design point. The turbine is then designed based on the design point, such as by optimising one or more design parameters of the turbine based on the design point.