Turbine Ring Assembly CMC Thermal Expansion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Turbine ring assemblies using ceramic matrix composite (CMC) materials face mechanical stresses and embrittlement due to hot expansion of metal attachment parts, leading to vibration and sealing issues, and existing solutions fail to effectively accommodate varying axial lengths of CMC ring sectors.

Innovation Solution

A turbine ring assembly design featuring a semi-sectored annular flange with relief ports and inter-sector seals, which accommodates different axial lengths and reduces mechanical stresses through deterministic sector positioning and improved sealing, while allowing deformation under temperature and pressure variations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If metal attachment parts are used to assemble CMC ring sectors, then the assembly is mechanically strong, but the metal parts undergo thermal expansion leading to mechanical stress and embrittlement of CMC sectors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strength of assemblyVSAvoidstructural integrity of CMC sectors
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameter of the attachment parts from metal to CMC material, which has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion. This parameter change resolves the thermal expansion mismatch problem while maintaining mechanical strength through proper material selection and design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses composite CMC material for both the ring sectors and attachment parts, creating a homogeneous material system that eliminates differential thermal expansion issues between dissimilar materials (metal and CMC).

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Productivity

If CMC material is used for turbine ring sectors, then cooling requirements are reduced and performance increases, but manufacturing precision and assembly complexity increase due to varying axial lengths

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveturbine performanceVSAvoidaxial length consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the annular flange into multiple radial sectors that correspond to the CMC ring sectors. Each flange sector can be independently manufactured to accommodate the axial length variations of corresponding ring sectors, eliminating the need for high precision across the entire ring assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by allowing each radial sector of the annular flange to have different axial dimensions tailored to the specific requirements of each CMC ring sector. This localized adaptation resolves the manufacturing precision issue without compromising overall assembly quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Stability of the object's composition

If rigid fixing is used to hold ring sectors in position, then vibration is reduced, but the ability to accommodate thermal deformation is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveposition stability of ring sectorsVSAvoidthermal deformation accommodation
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces dynamic characteristics by making the attachment system adjustable rather than rigidly fixed. The attachment parts can be positioned and secured at different axial locations, allowing the system to adapt to thermal deformation while maintaining stability during operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the attachment parameter from fixed to adjustable, enabling the attachment parts to be positioned at optimal locations that accommodate thermal expansion and deformation while maintaining secure holding and vibration reduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Measurement precision

If multiple attachment parts are used per ring sector, then positioning precision improves, but assembly complexity and time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepositioning precision of ring sectorsVSAvoidnumber of attachment parts
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes each attachment part multi-functional by designing it to simultaneously provide positioning, securing, and alignment functions. This universal design reduces the number of separate components needed while maintaining high positioning precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges multiple functions into single attachment parts, combining positioning features, securing mechanisms, and alignment capabilities into integrated components. This reduces assembly complexity while maintaining precision through functional integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design maintains each ring sector in a deterministic position, reduces mechanical stresses, improves sealing, and simplifies assembly by accommodating varying axial lengths, thereby enhancing the structural integrity and performance of the turbine ring assembly.

Implementation Method 1

these sectors have different widths, as these widths are affected by manufacturing tolerances

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Implementation Method 2

allowing the ring to deform under the effects of temperature increases and pressure variations

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Implementation Method 3

improving the seal between the non-stream sector and the stream sector, specifically the seal of the cavity located at the radially upper part of the ring

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSealing:

Implementation Method 4

reduces mechanical stresses through deterministic sector positioning and improved sealing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStress redistribution: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP3737837B1Turbine ring assembly
Publication Date: 2023.07.05 SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES SAS
  • EP3737837B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3737837B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3737837B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed is a turbine shroud assembly comprising shroud segments (10) forming a turbine shroud (1) and a shroud support structure (3), each shroud segment (10) having, along a sectional plane defined by an axial direction (DA) and a radial direction (DR) of the shroud (1), a part forming an annular base (12) with, in the radial direction (DR), an inner face (12a) and an outer face (12b) from which first and second projections (14, 16) protrude, said structure (3) comprising a shell (31) from which first and second radial clamps (32, 36) project, between which the first and second projections (14, 16) are maintained. The assembly comprises an annular flange (33) having a first portion (333) and a second portion (334) that is removably secured to the first radial clamp (32).