Turbomachine Component Manufacturing Using Solid Metal Inserts

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (P/M-HIP) technology for manufacturing turbomachine components often requires multiple trials and simulations to achieve accurate dimensional tolerances, leading to high costs and long production times, especially for single-part or small-series production, due to significant deformations caused by metal powder shrinkage during the process.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating fully solid metal inserts within the container, particularly in regions with high metal powder mass, to minimize shrinkage and deformations, allowing for reduced simulations and manufacturing trials by maintaining the inserts within the component post-manufacturing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If metal powder is used for manufacturing turbomachine components through P/M-HIP, then the technology allows manufacturing of complex shapes including internal channels, but significant deformations occur during the process due to metal powder shrinkage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveability to manufacture complex shapesVSAvoiddimensional tolerance
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the physical state parameter of the insert material from powder to fully solid metal, which fundamentally alters the shrinkage behavior during HIP process. The solid insert maintains dimensional stability while the surrounding powder consolidates, enabling precise control of final part dimensions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention creates a composite structure during manufacturing by combining fully solid metal inserts with consolidated metal powder in a single component. This composite approach allows different regions to have different shrinkage characteristics, with the solid insert acting as a dimensional reference that compensates for powder shrinkage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Manufacturing precision

If simulations and manufacturing trials are conducted to achieve accurate dimensional tolerances, then the required design dimensional tolerances can be met, but the time and cost for starting production increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedesign dimensional toleranceVSAvoidproduction start time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The solid metal inserts are prepared and positioned in advance within the container before the HIP process begins. This preliminary placement of dimensionally stable references eliminates the need for extensive post-process trials and simulations, as the inserts pre-determine the final geometry of internal channels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The solid metal inserts serve as physical templates or copies of the desired internal channel geometry. By embedding these solid copies within the powder during manufacturing, the final part automatically replicates the insert's precise dimensions without requiring multiple trial runs to achieve accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Quantity of substance

If the container and cores are deformed during P/M-HIP process due to heat and pressure, then the metal powder consolidates, but the shape, size and position of internal channels change

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemetal powder consolidationVSAvoidinternal channel geometry
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The solid metal inserts act as counterweights to the shrinkage forces acting on the metal powder. While the powder tends to shrink and deform under HIP conditions, the solid inserts resist this deformation due to their fully dense structure, thereby compensating and balancing the overall dimensional changes of the component.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #8Anti-weight (Counterweight)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly reduces the time and cost associated with producing new parts by minimizing shape, size, and position changes of internal channels, enabling more accurate and efficient manufacturing without the need for extensive real-world trials.

Implementation Method 1

the powder is consolidated by a Hot Isostatic Pressure thermal cycle

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHot isostatic pressing: Hot Isostatic Pressing

Implementation Method 2

when heat and pressure is applied, not only the metal powder, but also the container and the cores, if any, deform

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Data Source

PatentEP3148733B1Method of manufacturing a component of a turbomachine
Publication Date: 2023.11.01 NUOVO PIGNONE TECH SRL
  • EP3148733B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3148733B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3148733B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

The method of manufacturing a component (40) of a turbomachine by powder metal hot isostatic pressing uses a container (41) defining outside surfaces (42A, 42B, 42C, 42D, 42E, 42F, 42G, 42H) of the component (40); a metal insert (443) is located inside the container (41) before filling the container (41) with metal powder; the insert (443) is left in the component (40) after the end of its manufacturing. Advantageously, a metal core (44) is located inside the container (41) before filling the container (41) with metal powder, the core (44) is removed from the component (40) before the end of its manufacturing. In this way, net shape surfaces may be obtained without manufacturing trials.