Two-Chamber Cold Plasma Device for Nitrogen Oxide Generation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for generating cold nitrogen oxide-based plasmas are inefficient due to the need for high-temperature mechanisms and significant cooling efforts, resulting in low energy efficiency and technical complexity.

Innovation Solution

A plasma device with two chambers is used, where a first chamber generates a cold plasma from a gas mixture containing nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen, and a second chamber allows a different gas mixture to react with the plasma to form reactive nitrogen oxides, optimizing dissociation and recombination processes at low temperatures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If hot plasmas are used to generate nitrogen oxide-based plasma chemistry, then the desired chemical species can be formed, but the operating temperature becomes too high for heat-sensitive applications and additional cooling units are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplasma temperatureVSAvoidcooling unit requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The device is divided into two separate chambers: a first chamber for generating cold plasma with reactive species, and a second chamber where the plasma reacts with additional gas to form nitrogen oxides. This segmentation allows each chamber to be optimized for its specific function without requiring high temperatures throughout the entire system, thereby eliminating the need for complex cooling units while maintaining low operating temperature for heat-sensitive applications

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The first chamber performs preliminary plasma generation and creates reactive species (atomic oxygen, nitrogen, and hydroxyl radicals) at low temperatures before the gas mixture enters the second chamber. This preliminary action enables the subsequent formation of nitrogen oxides to occur at lower temperatures than traditional single-chamber systems, avoiding the need for additional cooling equipment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Temperature

If rapid cooling of hot plasmas is implemented to achieve cold nitrogen oxide plasma, then low temperature operation is achieved, but the overall energy efficiency decreases due to additional cooling requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplasma temperatureVSAvoidenergy efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

By segmenting the plasma generation and chemical reaction processes into two separate chambers, the system avoids the energy loss associated with heating and then rapidly cooling the entire plasma volume. The first chamber generates cold plasma efficiently, and the second chamber facilitates nitrogen oxide formation through controlled chemical reactions, eliminating the need for energy-intensive rapid cooling

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the operational parameters by maintaining low temperature throughout both chambers rather than operating at high temperature and then cooling. The first chamber operates at atmospheric pressure with cold plasma generation parameters, and the second chamber uses controlled gas flow and composition to enable nitrogen oxide formation at low temperatures, thereby improving overall energy efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If a single chamber is used for plasma generation and nitrogen oxide formation, then the device structure is simpler, but the control over dissociation and recombination processes is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechamber structureVSAvoidprocess control precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The device is divided into two specialized chambers: the first chamber is optimized for plasma generation with controlled dissociation of gas molecules into reactive species, while the second chamber is optimized for chemical reactions to form nitrogen oxides. This segmentation provides precise control over each process stage independently, allowing optimization of plasma generation conditions and chemical reaction conditions separately, thereby achieving high manufacturing precision without excessive structural complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The first chamber acts as an intermediary that generates reactive species which then serve as the basis for nitrogen oxide formation in the second chamber. This intermediary step allows independent optimization and control of plasma generation parameters in the first chamber and chemical reaction parameters in the second chamber, achieving precise process control while maintaining a relatively simple two-chamber structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the efficient generation of reactive nitrogen oxides at low temperatures, improving energy efficiency and simplifying the process, while allowing for controlled production of nitrogen oxide species like NO, NO2, and N2O5, suitable for various applications including surface treatment and disinfection.

Implementation Method 1

ionizing the first gas mixture in the first chamber to generate a first cold plasma

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIonization: Ionisation

Implementation Method 2

generate a first cold plasma or a second gas mixture

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma: Plasma

Implementation Method 3

the third gas mixture mixes with the first cold plasma or the second gas mixture and reacts to form a fourth gas mixture containing reactive nitrogen oxide

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical reactions: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentEP3016483B1Method and apparatus for generating a cold plasma with first and second chamber
Publication Date: 2019.05.01 LEIBNIZ INST FUR PLASMAFORSCHUNG & TECH
  • EP3016483B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3016483B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for operating a plasma device with a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein the method comprises the following steps: introducing a first gas mixture into the first chamber, ionizing the first gas mixture in the first chamber to generate a first cold plasma or a second gas mixture, introducing the first cold plasma or second gas mixture generated in the first chamber and a third gas mixture different from the first gas mixture into the second chamber, so that in the second chamber the third gas mixture mixes with the first cold plasma or the second gas mixture and reacts to form a fourth gas mixture containing reactive nitrogen oxide. Furthermore, the invention relates to a plasma device for generating a plasma and a control unit.