Two-Phase Electric Machine Using Intelligent Battery Phase Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional traction power systems for electric vehicles, which typically use three-phase electric machines, are costly, space-consuming, and inefficient, and require significant cooling and high-current semiconductors, leading to high electro-magnetic interference.
Innovation Solution
A two-phase system utilizing intelligent battery cell devices with integrated monitoring and switching equipment, connected in series or parallel configurations, provides direct AC output through two distinct battery packs with a 90° phase shift, reducing the need for DC to AC converters and using low-current semiconductors, and incorporating a redesigned winding pattern for improved efficiency and compactness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If a three-phase electric machine system is used for traction power, then the system can provide sufficient power and reliability, but the system becomes costly, space-consuming, and requires significant cooling infrastructure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the battery system into two separate battery packs, each generating a distinct phase (Phase A and Phase B) with 90° phase shift. Each battery pack operates independently with its own string of battery cell devices, allowing the system to generate two-phase AC power directly without requiring a complex three-phase machine and DC-to-AC converter assembly.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates the need for DC-to-AC converter equipment and neutral wires from the traditional three-phase system. By using intelligent battery cell devices with integrated monitoring and switching equipment, the system directly generates AC output, removing unnecessary components and reducing overall system complexity.
2Use of energy by moving object
If conventional three-phase systems with DC to AC converters are used, then power conversion is achieved, but the converters increase cost, space requirements, and electromagnetic interference
Solution Approach 1:
The intelligent battery cell devices perform self-service by integrating monitoring and switching equipment directly within each battery cell. The system automatically generates the required phase shift and AC output through coordinated operation of the two battery packs, eliminating the need for external DC-to-AC converter equipment that would generate electromagnetic interference.
3Power
If high-current semiconductors are used in three-phase systems, then sufficient power handling is achieved, but the system requires significant cooling infrastructure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the operational parameters by using low-current semiconductors instead of high-current semiconductors. By configuring the two battery packs to operate with 90° phase shift and directly generate AC power, the system achieves the same power handling capability with reduced current levels, thereby eliminating the need for significant cooling infrastructure.
4Power
If neutral wires are included in the three-phase system, then complete power delivery is achieved, but the system requires additional wiring complexity and space
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the neutral wire from the system by using a two-phase configuration with 90° phase shift between the two battery packs. This configuration provides complete power delivery without requiring a neutral connection, thereby reducing wiring complexity and space requirements.
Data Source
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Figure 3A~3C
AI summary
Various technologies and embodiments are presented to operate a two-phase machine. The two-phase machine is powered by a first phase circuit comprising a first string of battery cell devices electrically coupled to the machine via a first supply line and a first return line, and a second phase circuit comprising a second string of battery cell devices electrically coupled to the machine via a second supply line and a second return line. One or more processors can be configured to control operation of one or more switches in the first and second strings of battery cell devices, such that a first voltage provided by the first string of battery cell devices is 90° out of phase relative to a second voltage provided by the second string of battery cell devices. The two-phase machine can be a motor comprising a stator with a two-phase winding pattern.