Two-Phase Heat Exchanger Cooling System with Negative Pressure Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cooling systems for industrial equipment use halogenated fluids that are expensive, toxic, and lack adequate anti-freeze properties, necessitating a more cost-effective, low-toxicity, and environmentally friendly alternative with good thermal and dielectric performance.
Innovation Solution
A closed-loop cooling system utilizing a primary and secondary circuit with a two-phase heat exchanger, condensers, a separator, and a restrictor to circulate a mixture of water and anti-freeze compound, maintaining a negative pressure to reduce boiling point and enhance cooling efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If halogenated fluids are used as cooling fluid, then good thermal performance and dielectric properties are achieved, but high cost and high toxicity occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the cooling fluid by replacing halogenated compounds with a water-based formulation containing specific additives (surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, anti-freeze agents) to achieve comparable thermal performance without the toxicity and environmental harm of traditional halogenated fluids
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses water as the base fluid which is inexpensive and readily available, replacing expensive halogenated fluids. The cooling fluid is designed to be replaceable and replenished rather than permanently maintained, reducing long-term costs despite requiring periodic replacement
2Reliability
If halogenated fluids are used as cooling fluid, then good thermal performance is achieved, but expensive cost occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the compositional parameters by using water (the cheapest available fluid) as the base instead of expensive halogenated compounds, and achieves required performance through carefully selected additive packages rather than relying on expensive base fluids
Solution Approach 2:
The invention adopts a disposable/replenishable approach where inexpensive water-based cooling fluid is periodically replaced rather than using expensive fluids that require long-term maintenance and recovery systems
3Ease of manufacture
If water is used as cooling fluid, then low cost and low toxicity are achieved, but poor anti-freeze properties occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite cooling fluid formulation combining water with multiple functional additives including anti-freeze agents, surfactants, and corrosion inhibitors to achieve a synergistic effect where the mixture provides both low cost and enhanced anti-freeze properties that pure water lacks
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the physical and chemical parameters of the cooling fluid by adjusting the concentration and type of anti-freeze additives in the water-based formulation to achieve the desired freezing point depression while maintaining cost-effectiveness
4Object-affected harmful factors
If water is used as cooling fluid, then low toxicity is achieved, but poor dielectric properties in low-temperature environments occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a composite water-based cooling fluid with specially selected additives that enhance dielectric properties at low temperatures while maintaining the low toxicity advantage of water, creating a multi-functional formulation that addresses multiple performance requirements simultaneously
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides effective cooling with reduced toxicity and cost, maintaining dielectric properties in low-temperature environments by using a mixture of water and anti-freeze compound, achieving improved thermal performance and anti-freeze properties.
Implementation Method 1
a two-phase heat exchanger having an inlet and an outlet
Implementation Method 2
two-phase heat transfer with the item of industrial equipment
Implementation Method 3
a primary condenser having an inlet and an outlet
Implementation Method 4
a secondary condenser having an inlet and an outlet
Implementation Method 5
a separator, e.g., a separator and reservoir tank, for separating the cooling fluid into liquid and gaseous components
Implementation Method 6
a restrictor having an inlet and an outlet
Implementation Method 7
a secondary pump for moving a proportion of the cooling fluid at the outlet of the heat exchanger through the secondary circuit
Data Source
AI summary
A cooling system for cooling an item of industrial equipment is described. The cooling system includes a primary circuit around which a cooling fluid is circulated, and which includes a two-phase heat exchanger. A secondary circuit is fluidly connected to the primary circuit in parallel with the heat exchanger. The secondary circuit includes a condenser, a pump, a separator and reservoir tank and a restrictor. The boiling point of the cooling fluid at the inlet of the heat exchanger is reduced by the action of the secondary circuit, thereby improving the cooling performance of the cooling system.