Cyclonic separation apparatus

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional vacuum cleaners with bag filters require frequent replacement and maintenance due to clogging, which reduces their efficiency and increases costs, while cyclonic separation systems often have lower separation efficiency and require more complex designs to improve performance.

Innovation Solution

A hand-held vacuum cleaner with a two-stage cyclonic separation apparatus featuring a first cyclonic separating unit with a cylindrical dirt container and a second unit comprising multiple cyclones, along with an intermediate air-permeable wall and protruding lips to enhance separation efficiency and prevent re-entrainment of separated material, combined with a compact motor and fan arrangement for improved space utilization.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a bag filter is used for dirt separation, then the vacuum cleaner can collect dust and dirt, but the bag filter requires frequent replacement due to clogging which reduces efficiency and increases costs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseparation efficiencyVSAvoidfilter replacement frequency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The cyclonic separation apparatus is divided into multiple cyclones arranged in parallel, each handling a portion of the air flow. This segmentation allows the system to maintain separation efficiency while distributing the load, preventing any single cyclone from becoming excessively clogged and requiring frequent maintenance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention extracts the filter element from the separation system and replaces it with cyclonic separators. By taking out the bag filter and substituting it with cyclonic technology, the system eliminates the clogging issue that requires frequent filter replacement while maintaining effective dirt separation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Loss of time

If cyclonic separation systems are used, then filter replacement is reduced, but the separation efficiency is often lower and more complex designs are required to improve performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefilter replacement frequencyVSAvoidseparation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple cyclones are merged into a single separation apparatus, working in parallel to handle the total air flow. This combination of multiple simple cyclone structures achieves the separation efficiency of more complex single-cyclone designs while maintaining the advantage of reduced filter replacement frequency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention arranges cyclones in a multi-dimensional configuration within the housing, utilizing vertical and horizontal space efficiently. By stacking cyclones and arranging them in layers, the system achieves high separation efficiency without requiring a complex horizontal layout, thus improving performance without excessive complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Reliability

If multiple cyclones are used to improve separation efficiency, then dirt separation performance increases, but the device complexity and space requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseparation efficiencyVSAvoidcyclone arrangement complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Cyclones are nested within the housing structure in a compact arrangement, with smaller cyclones positioned within the space occupied by larger ones. This nesting approach allows multiple cyclones to be integrated into a single apparatus without proportionally increasing the overall device complexity or external dimensions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the cyclonic separation apparatus are optimized for specific functions - inlet regions are designed for high-velocity air entry, separation zones are optimized for particle extraction, and outlet regions are configured for clean air discharge. This local optimization of quality in different zones improves overall separation efficiency without requiring every part of the system to be overly complex.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Reliability

If more cyclones are added to the separation apparatus, then separation efficiency improves, but the volume and weight of the vacuum cleaner increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseparation efficiencyVSAvoidvacuum cleaner size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The cyclones are arranged in a vertical stacking configuration rather than a horizontal spread-out layout. By utilizing the vertical dimension, the system accommodates multiple cyclones within a compact footprint, maintaining high separation efficiency without proportionally increasing the overall volume of the vacuum cleaner.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

Smaller cyclones are nested within the structural framework of larger cyclones or the housing, maximizing space utilization. This nested arrangement allows the system to include multiple separation stages in a compact configuration, improving separation efficiency while minimizing the increase in overall device volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The two-stage cyclonic separation apparatus maintains consistent air flow and improves dirt separation efficiency, reducing the need for frequent filter replacements and maintaining performance over time, while the compact design allows for a more portable and efficient vacuum cleaner.

Implementation Method 1

a first cyclonic separating unit comprising a hollow substantially cylindrical dirt container with a longitudinal central axis and an air inlet port arranged tangentially to the dirt container so as to cause air to flow in a helical path around the cylindrical dirt container

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCyclone separation: Cyclone Separation

Implementation Method 2

a second cyclonic separating unit comprising a plurality of cyclones each with an inlet port, an axial outlet port and a discharge nozzle

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCentrifugal force: Centrifugal Force

Implementation Method 3

an intermediate wall arranged within the dirt container, wherein the intermediate wall comprises an air permeable wall arranged as an air flow outlet from the first cyclonic separating unit to the inlet ports of the plurality of cyclones

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPermeation: Permeation

Implementation Method 4

wherein the first and second cyclonic separating units are arranged to deposit material separated from air flow at the longitudinal end of the dirt container, wherein the cyclonic separation apparatus comprises at least one protruding lip arranged to impede return of separated material from said longitudinal end of the dirt container

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow separation: Flow Separation

Data Source

PatentEP3375341B1Cyclonic separation apparatus
Publication Date: 2019.12.11 BLACK & DECKER CORP
  • EP3375341B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3375341B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3375341B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A cyclonic separation apparatus (8 / 208) comprising: a first cyclonic separating unit (160 / 360) comprising a cylindrical dirt container (120, 130 / 320, 330) with a longitudinal central axis (21 / 321) and comprising an air inlet port (126 / 326) arranged tangentially to the dirt container so as to cause air to flow in a helical path around the dirt container; a second cyclonic separating unit (150 / 350) comprising a plurality of cyclones (84 / 284) each with an inlet port (88 / 288) and an outlet port (56 / 256); and an intermediate wall (82, 90, 110 / 282, 290, 310) arranged within the dirt container, wherein the intermediate wall surrounds the inlet ports of the cyclones, wherein the second cyclonic separating unit is located within the dirt container, wherein the first and second cyclonic separating units are arranged to deposit material at a longitudinal end (130 / 330) of the dirt container, wherein the cyclonic separation apparatus comprises a protruding lip (104, 128 / 304, 328) arranged to impede return of separated material from said longitudinal end and wherein the lip protrudes radially outwardly from the intermediate wall.