Two-Step Random Access Resource Allocation for 5G Conflict Resolution

The patent segments the traditional four-step random access process into a compressed two-step process by combining Message 1 and Message 3 into a single uplink transmission, and combining Message 2 and Message 4 into a single downlink response. This segmentation reduces the number of interaction steps while maintaining conflict resolution capability through the inclusion of unique identifiers and acknowledgment mechanisms in the compressed messages.

The patent merges multiple message exchanges into fewer transmissions. Specifically, the uplink message combines the random access preamble and uplink data transmission, while the downlink message combines the random access response and uplink acknowledgment. This merging reduces the total number of steps from four to two, directly addressing the access delay issue while preserving reliability through integrated confirmation mechanisms.

The patent applies local quality by allocating different sets of random access resources (preambles, time slots, frequency resources) to different types of user equipment based on their specific needs. For example, one set of resources is allocated for two-step random access while another set is reserved for four-step random access, allowing the system to optimize resource usage for each access type without increasing overall complexity.

The patent implements preliminary action by pre-configuring and signaling random access resource allocations to user equipment before the actual random access occurs. The network device sends random access resource configuration information including preamble sets, time slot configurations, and frequency resource allocations in advance, allowing UEs to select appropriate resources without real-time negotiation, thus reducing conflict probability while maintaining manageable complexity.