Two-Stroke Diesel Engine Heater Combustion Chamber
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing gasoline-fueled two-stroke internal combustion engines face inefficiencies and durability issues when using fuel oil, and known oil-fueled engines are either heavy, complex, or offer low power density.
Innovation Solution
A piston ported two-stroke compression ignition internal combustion engine design with direct injection of heavy fuel oil into the combustion chamber and a heater to aid compression ignition, allowing for simpler construction, improved fuel injection, and cleaner combustion without the need for a pre-chamber or high compression ratios.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If fuel oil is used in place of gasoline in spark-ignited two-stroke engines, then fuel efficiency and fuel safety are improved, but spark plug fouling occurs which reduces engine efficiency and durability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the spark ignition system with a compression ignition system. Instead of using a spark plug to ignite the fuel-air mixture, the engine relies on high compression ratios to raise the temperature of the compressed air-fuel mixture to ignition point. This substitution eliminates the spark plug component entirely, thereby preventing spark plug fouling while maintaining the ability to ignite fuel oil efficiently.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the ignition method from chemical (spark ignition) to physical (compression ignition). By increasing the compression ratio parameter, the air-fuel mixture reaches auto-ignition temperature through adiabatic compression. This parameter change allows the engine to burn fuel oil cleanly without the fouling issues associated with spark plugs, while improving fuel efficiency through more complete combustion.
2Power
If oil-fueled two-stroke engines are designed with high power density, then power output to weight ratio is improved, but the engine becomes heavy and complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the spark ignition system components (spark plugs, ignition coils, wiring) from the engine architecture. By removing these unnecessary components for compression ignition, the engine becomes lighter and simpler while maintaining high power density. The direct injection system is also simplified by eliminating the need for precise spark timing control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent designs a unified compression ignition system that serves multiple functions: it compresses the air-fuel mixture for ignition, controls fuel injection timing, and manages combustion. This multi-functional approach reduces the number of separate systems needed, thereby reducing overall engine complexity while maintaining high power output relative to engine weight.
3Productivity
If direct injection of heavy fuel oil into the combustion chamber is implemented, then fuel injection efficiency and combustion cleanliness are improved, but the risk of spark plug fouling increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the spark plug ignition system with a compression ignition system. The direct injection of heavy fuel oil into the combustion chamber is paired with high compression ratios that raise the air temperature to auto-ignition levels. This substitution eliminates the spark plug that would otherwise be fouled by heavy fuel oil deposits, while maintaining efficient and clean combustion through precise direct injection control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The engine achieves a high power-to-weight ratio, improved fuel efficiency, and cleaner combustion, while avoiding spark plug fouling and maintaining engine safety and efficiency with oil fuel use.
Implementation Method 1
at least one heater to heat the combustion chamber, wherein at least a portion of the heater is positioned within the combustion chamber
Implementation Method 2
the piston and the closed end of the cylinder together define a combustion chamber therebetween; fuel oil is injected directly into the combustion chamber and compression ignited
Implementation Method 3
at least one heavy fuel oil injector, the injector having a nozzle that is positioned within the combustion chamber and through which heavy fuel oil is expelled directly into the combustion chamber in use
Implementation Method 4
fuel oil is injected directly into the combustion chamber and compression ignited
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a piston ported two-stroke compression ignition internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder having a fixed closed end, and a piston for reciprocation within the cylinder, wherein the closed end of the cylinder and the piston together define a combustion chamber therebetween; at least one heater to heat the combustion chamber; and a controller to control the heater to heat the combustion chamber when the controller determines that a temperature of the combustion chamber has fallen below a threshold temperature during reciprocation of the piston within the cylinder.