Two-Stroke Engine Air-Fuel Ratio Control via Exhaust Valve Timing

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

In two-stroke dual-fuel engines, maintaining an appropriate air-fuel ratio during gas mode operation is challenging due to variations in intake air temperature and outlet air temperature, leading to inefficient and unstable combustion.

Innovation Solution

A two-stroke engine with an air-fuel ratio controller that calculates and adjusts the average air-fuel ratio by controlling air flow volume and exhaust valve timing, ensuring the ratio is within 1.0 to 2.5, using sensors to measure air-fuel ratios in exhaust pipes and crank angle detection for precise control.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If air flow volume is increased to maintain appropriate air-fuel ratio, then combustion stability is improved, but fuel consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecombustion stabilityVSAvoidfuel consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The air-fuel ratio controller continuously monitors the air-fuel ratio and adjusts the air flow volume based on real-time feedback to maintain the optimal range (1.0 to 2.5). This feedback mechanism ensures combustion stability while preventing excessive fuel consumption by dynamically optimizing air supply rather than continuously increasing it.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically changes the air flow volume parameter based on operating conditions and measured air-fuel ratio deviations. By adjusting this parameter within specific ranges (1.0 to 2.5), the system achieves stable combustion without unnecessarily increasing fuel consumption, as the air flow is optimized rather than maximized.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If exhaust valve timing is adjusted to control air-fuel ratio, then combustion efficiency is improved, but mechanical complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecombustion efficiencyVSAvoidmechanical complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The exhaust valve timing is made dynamically adjustable rather than fixed, allowing the system to optimize air-fuel ratio and combustion efficiency based on real-time operating conditions. This dynamic adjustment capability enables improved combustion efficiency without requiring complex mechanical mechanisms, as the timing can be modified through controlled actuation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The exhaust valve serves multiple functions: exhaust gas discharge, air-fuel ratio control, and combustion efficiency optimization. By integrating air-fuel ratio control into the exhaust valve timing adjustment, the system achieves improved combustion efficiency without adding separate complex mechanisms, as the existing valve system performs multiple roles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If air-fuel ratio is maintained within 1.0 to 2.5, then combustion stability is improved, but control system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecombustion stabilityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The air-fuel ratio controller implements a feedback control system that continuously monitors the air-fuel ratio and adjusts air flow volume to maintain it within the 1.0 to 2.5 range. This feedback mechanism provides combustion stability through automated control rather than complex manual intervention, as the system self-regulates based on measured deviations from the target range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The control system performs self-adjustment by automatically modifying air flow volume based on real-time air-fuel ratio measurements. This self-service capability maintains combustion stability within the 1.0 to 2.5 range without requiring external complex control mechanisms, as the system autonomously optimizes its own operation based on sensor feedback.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution maintains an appropriate air-fuel ratio, ensuring efficient and stable combustion by adjusting air flow and exhaust valve timing based on real-time measurements, improving engine performance.

Implementation Method 1

an exhaust valve actuator to open and close the exhaust valve

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectValve actuation: Valve

Implementation Method 2

an air-fuel ratio sensor to measure an air-fuel ratio of the exhaust

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas concentration detection:

Implementation Method 3

one cycle of intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust is completed in each reciprocating motion of piston inside a cylinder

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCompression: Compression

Implementation Method 4

a pilot injection valve to inject liquid fuel into the combustion chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFuel injection: Injector

Implementation Method 5

one cycle of intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust is completed in each reciprocating motion of piston inside a cylinder

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCrankshaft mechanism: Crankshaft

Implementation Method 6

one cycle of intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust is completed in each reciprocating motion of piston inside a cylinder

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCombustion: Combustion

Data Source

PatentEP2634398B1Two-stroke engine
Publication Date: 2020.08.26 IHI CORP
  • EP2634398B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2634398B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2634398B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

This two-stroke engine (101, 102) is capable of performing at least a gas mode operation using a flammable gas as a main fuel, and includes a plurality of cylinders (1), an exhaust valve (13) provided in each of the plurality of cylinders (1), and an air-fuel ratio controller (70, 74). At a time of the gas mode operation, the air-fuel ratio controller (70, 74) has: a function of calculating an average air-fuel ratio inside the plurality of cylinders (1), and of controlling the average air-fuel ratio by adjusting an air flow volume which is supplied to the plurality of cylinders (1); and a function of calculating an air-fuel ratio inside each cylinder (1), and of controlling the air-fuel ratio by adjusting a closing timing of the exhaust valve (13).