Two-Stroke Engine Ignition Timing for Muffler Knocking

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Solution Overview

Problem

Two-stroke engines with mufflers having a first and second chamber experience increased knocking and temperature due to backflow of exhaust gas, leading to inefficient combustion and emission issues.

Innovation Solution

Advancing the ignition point of the fuel-air mixture before top dead center, specifically by setting it at least 24°, preferably 28°, and up to 30° crank angle before the piston's upward movement, using an ignition device with a rotation angle sensor and optionally a knock or temperature sensor to optimize timing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-generated harmful factors

If the flow channel is designed to be streamlined so that exhaust gas flows predominantly into the first chamber and flows back to form back pressure, then emission values are improved and unburned fuel is prevented from reaching the muffler, but the proportion of residual gas in the combustion chamber increases leading to increased knocking and slower combustion speed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveemission of unburned fuelVSAvoidknocking level
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The ignition timing is advanced to occur earlier before top dead center, so that combustion begins before the piston reaches its highest position. This preliminary ignition allows the fuel-air mixture to start burning while the piston is still moving upward, ensuring that combustion is well underway before the exhaust valve opens, thereby preventing residual gas from causing knocking while still maintaining the emission benefits of the streamlined flow channel design

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Object-generated harmful factors

If the flow channel is designed to be streamlined so that exhaust gas flows predominantly into the first chamber and flows back to form back pressure, then unburned fuel is prevented from reaching the muffler, but the combustion speed becomes slower due to increased residual gas proportion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveemission of unburned fuelVSAvoidcombustion speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

By advancing the ignition timing to occur earlier before top dead center, the combustion process is initiated while the piston is still moving upward. This creates a head start for the combustion wave, allowing it to propagate through the fuel-air mixture more effectively despite the presence of residual gas, thereby maintaining faster combustion speed while still achieving reduced unburned fuel emissions through the streamlined flow channel

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Object-affected harmful factors

If the ignition point is advanced to reduce knocking and temperature levels, then engine performance is improved, but the combustion timing must be precisely controlled to avoid incomplete combustion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature levelVSAvoidignition timing control
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses feedback from the streamlined flow channel design and back pressure formation to optimize ignition timing. The controlled back pressure created by the first chamber acts as a feedback mechanism that indicates the state of exhaust gas flow, allowing the ignition timing to be adjusted to occur at the optimal moment before top dead center, achieving reduced knocking and temperature while ensuring complete combustion through precise timing control

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This adjustment reduces knocking and temperature levels, aligning them with conventional muffler operation, improving combustion efficiency and preventing unburned fuel from entering the muffler, thus enhancing engine performance.

Implementation Method 1

the exhaust gas flowing into the muffler inlet due to its inertia flows predominantly into the first chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInertia: Inertia

Implementation Method 2

the ignition point for igniting a fuel-air mixture present in the combustion chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCombustion: Combustion

Data Source

PatentEP2497917B1Two-cycle engine with improved noise absorption and adjusted engine management
Publication Date: 2017.05.10 MAKITA CORP
  • EP2497917B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2497917B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The engine (100) has a silencer (10) i.e. dual chamber silencer, comprising a structurally limited outer chamber (16) and silencer intake (11) that is connected with a flow channel (12) i.e. straight tube, such that the flow channel is connected to an outlet of a combustion chamber (13) through the silencer intake. An ignition timing of air/fuel mixture in the combustion chamber lies in early stage in comparison with an ignition timing of the engine, before a stroke movement limiting piston (21) reaches a top dead center of the combustion chamber.