Two-Wire Network Circuits With Redundant Safety Signaling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for secure data transmission in network systems, such as those using Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) or Advanced Physical Layer (APL), require complex hardware and software efforts due to discontinuous status data transmission and high security requirements, necessitating redundant microprocessors.

Innovation Solution

A method for secure data transmission using two-wire networks with redundant transmission paths: a digital data protocol and an analog current characteristic, where status data are transmitted redundantly via a serial, digital data packet and an imposed current characteristic, ensuring non-correlated data transfer.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If secure data transmission is implemented using a single digital data protocol, then data security is improved, but hardware and software complexity increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata securityVSAvoidhardware and software complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The transmission system is segmented into two independent paths: a digital data protocol path and a power transmission path with analog current characteristics. Each path carries status data independently, so that if one path fails or is compromised, the other can still provide reliable information. This segmentation reduces the complexity requirements for any single path while maintaining overall security.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The power transmission line serves as an intermediary carrier for status data transmission. Instead of relying solely on the digital data protocol, the system uses the existing power line infrastructure to transmit analog current characteristics that encode status information. This intermediary approach leverages existing infrastructure and reduces the need for complex security implementations in the digital protocol path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If redundant microprocessors are used to ensure high security, then security level is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity levelVSAvoidmicroprocessor redundancy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Status data is copied and transmitted through two different physical channels: the digital data protocol and the power transmission with analog current characteristics. This copying approach ensures that the same information is available through multiple independent paths without requiring redundant processing units, thereby reducing hardware complexity while maintaining security.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Use of energy by moving object

If status data are transmitted discontinuously, then power consumption is reduced, but reliability of safety status determination deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidsafety status determination
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The power transmission path continuously carries status information through analog current characteristics, providing uninterrupted monitoring of safety-relevant status data. This continuous transmission ensures that safety status can be determined at any moment without gaps, while the dual-path approach allows for energy optimization in the digital protocol path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

4Reliability

If logic processing is performed with high security requirements, then security level is improved, but processing complexity and time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity levelVSAvoidlogic processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces complex digital logic processing with analog signal transmission and comparison. Instead of performing complex cryptographic or security-validated logic operations, the system transmits status data as analog current characteristics and determines safety status through straightforward comparison of the two independent transmission paths, significantly reducing processing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Significantly reduces the effort required for secure digital signal transmission by utilizing distinct, less complex components and principles, allowing for reliable determination of safe and unsafe states with minimal hardware and software overhead.

Implementation Method 1

a second transmission of the status data takes place by means of an imposed characteristic of the current, namely by means of an analog characteristic of the current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCurrent modulation:

Data Source

PatentEP4131848B1Method and circuit for operating a network or network section
Publication Date: 2025.09.03 TURCK HOLDING GMBH
  • EP4131848B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4131848B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method for operating a network or network segment with synchronous power and signal transmission over two wires, comprising a first network side having a PSE and a second network side having a PD, wherein the first and second network sides are connected via the power and signal transmission, and wherein status data for determining a safe state is transmitted. The status data is transmitted redundantly via the following two transmission paths: a digital data protocol and encoding in the power transmission, the redundant transmission of the status data on the two transmission paths being physically uncorrelated. The invention further includes a circuit for a network or network segment.