U-Bend Flowmeter With Differential Pressure Sensing for Multiphase Rheology
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Solution Overview
Problem
Characterization of multiphase fluid flow is challenging due to complex flow characteristics, and existing methods for measuring density, viscosity, and rheology of multiphase fluids are inaccurate and lack real-time data, particularly for non-Newtonian fluids in oil and gas operations.
Innovation Solution
A flowmeter system with a U-bend configuration and multiple differential pressure sensors is used to measure and calculate mixture density, flow rate, viscosity, and rheology of multiphase fluids, employing principles of fluid dynamics to determine these properties based on differential pressure measurements and relative sensor positions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual sampling methods are used to measure multiphase fluid properties, then the measurement process is simple, but the accuracy is poor and real-time data cannot be obtained
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical sampling with an automated differential pressure sensing system. Four differential pressure sensors measure pressure differences across the U-bend at different heights, and a computer calculates fluid properties from these electrical signals, eliminating manual intervention and improving both accuracy and real-time capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces differential pressure sensors as intermediaries to indirectly measure fluid properties. Instead of directly sampling the fluid, the system measures pressure differences caused by the fluid's weight and flow characteristics, then calculates density, viscosity, and rheology from these pressure measurements.
2Reliability
If multiple differential pressure sensors are used to measure multiphase fluid properties, then real-time accurate measurement is achieved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the measurement function into four separate differential pressure sensors positioned at different locations and heights within the U-bend. Each sensor measures a specific pressure difference, and the computer integrates these segmented measurements to calculate comprehensive fluid properties, improving reliability through multiple measurement points.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds the vertical dimension to the measurement system by positioning sensors at different heights within the U-bend. This vertical arrangement allows the system to measure pressure gradients caused by fluid density and weight, providing additional information dimensions that enable accurate calculation of fluid properties.
3Ease of operation
If manual sampling is performed for fluid characterization, then the equipment requirement is low, but human error and safety hazards increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the system self-service by automating the entire measurement process. The differential pressure sensors automatically detect pressure differences, and the computer automatically calculates fluid properties without requiring human sampling or intervention, eliminating safety hazards associated with manual fluid handling while maintaining ease of operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides accurate, real-time measurement of multiphase fluid properties, including density and flow rate, even in complex flow regimes, without manual sampling, reducing human error and safety hazards, and is applicable to both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids.
Implementation Method 1
a first differential pressure sensor configured to measure a first differential pressure of the fluid between a first location on the first conduit and a second location on the first portion of the U-bend. The second location is at a first vertical height with respect to the first location
Implementation Method 2
The U-bend has a shape configured to change a direction of flow of the fluid, such that a first direction of flow of the fluid through the first portion of the U-bend is different from a second direction of flow of the fluid through the second portion of the U-bend
Data Source
AI summary
A fluid flows through a flowmeter system including a first conduit, a U-bend, and a second conduit. Various differential pressures of the fluid flowing through the flowmeter system are measured. The differential pressures of the fluid are measured by various pressure sensors (for example, differential pressure sensors) installed on the flowmeter system. Rheology of the fluid is characterized by performing calculations using the measured differential pressures of the fluid and relative positions of the pressure sensors throughout the flowmeter system.