Vehicle-BMS UART Diagnosis for Battery and Communication State
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current diagnosis methods for the communication state between a battery management system (BMS) and a vehicle, as well as the battery state, require additional circuits and microcontrollers, increasing costs and complexity.
Innovation Solution
A diagnosis apparatus that utilizes a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) signal to determine the communication state and battery state by comparing signal periods and widths to predetermined references, eliminating the need for additional circuits and microcontrollers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If additional circuits and microcontrollers are applied to diagnose battery state and communication state, then diagnosis accuracy is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The BMS uses its own existing UART communication interface and controller to perform self-diagnosis of communication states and battery states. The controller analyzes UART signals exchanged during normal vehicle operation to detect communication abnormalities and battery anomalies without requiring external diagnostic equipment or additional dedicated diagnostic circuits.
Solution Approach 2:
The existing UART communication interface and controller are made multi-functional by enabling them to perform both their original communication function and the additional function of diagnosing communication states and battery states. The same hardware resources are utilized for dual purposes, eliminating the need for separate dedicated diagnostic hardware.
2Measurement precision
If additional circuits and microcontrollers are applied to diagnose battery state and communication state, then diagnosis accuracy is improved, but cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The BMS performs self-diagnosis using its own existing UART communication interface and controller, eliminating the need for external diagnostic equipment or additional dedicated diagnostic circuits. This self-service approach reduces manufacturing costs by utilizing already-present hardware resources.
Solution Approach 2:
The existing UART communication interface and controller are made multi-functional to perform both communication and diagnosis functions. This eliminates the need for separate dedicated diagnostic hardware, thereby reducing component count and manufacturing costs while maintaining comprehensive diagnostic capability.
3Device complexity
If UART signal parameters are analyzed to determine communication and battery states, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously monitors UART signal parameters (such as signal presence, timing characteristics, and communication patterns) and uses this feedback information to determine communication states and infer battery states. The controller analyzes the feedback from normal communication operations to detect anomalies without requiring additional sensing hardware.
Data Source
AI summary
A diagnosis apparatus includes a vehicle including a battery and a BMS connected to the vehicle. The vehicle is configured to generate a signal having a predetermined period and a predetermined width, and the BMS is configured to diagnose a communication state between the vehicle and the BMS and a state of the battery based on the signal, and to determine the communication state and the state of the battery as a normal state when a period of the signal is the same as a reference period and a width of the signal is the same as a reference width.