UAV Detect-and-Avoid Communication for BVLOS Conflict Resolution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current systems lack effective mechanisms for Detect and Avoid (DAA) in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), particularly in scenarios beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) and when onboard sensors are unreliable.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves enabling direct communication between UAVs and network assistance for collision detection and conflict resolution, using a multi-level collision detection system and network-triggered conflict alert and resolution mechanisms.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If direct communication between UAVs and network assistance is implemented, then collision detection capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a network entity (gNB or UTM server) as an intermediary to facilitate collision detection and conflict resolution. This mediator receives flight path information from multiple UAVs, performs conflict analysis, and provides resolution instructions, thereby improving detection capability without requiring complex peer-to-peer communication systems between UAVs.
Solution Approach 2:
The collision detection system is segmented into multiple functional components: UAVs transmit flight path information, the network entity receives and stores this information, performs conflict detection, and provides resolution instructions. This segmentation allows each component to remain relatively simple while the overall system achieves high reliability through distributed functionality.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multi-level collision detection system is implemented, then detection coverage is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The network entity serves multiple functions within a single system: receiving flight path information from UAVs, storing this information, detecting conflicts, and providing resolution instructions. This multi-functionality achieves comprehensive detection coverage without requiring separate specialized systems for each function.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adapts its detection approach based on the operational scenario. The network entity can process real-time conflict detection for active flights and also perform retrospective analysis of stored flight path information, allowing the system to adjust its detection coverage to match operational needs without permanent complexity increases.
3Loss of time
If network-triggered conflict alert mechanism is implemented, then response time is improved, but information transmission requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The network entity performs conflict detection in advance by continuously monitoring stored flight path information and providing resolution instructions before conflicts occur. This preliminary action ensures rapid response when conflicts arise, as the detection and resolution planning is already underway rather than waiting for last-minute alerts.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements a feedback mechanism where the network entity continuously receives flight path information from UAVs, analyzes this information for conflicts, and sends back resolution instructions. This closed-loop feedback ensures timely conflict resolution while optimizing data transmission by only sending relevant conflict information and instructions rather than continuous status updates.
Data Source
AI summary
A method performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) implemented in a first unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV1) includes registering detect and avoid (DAA) capability in a registration message transmitted by the first UAV to an unmanned aerial system (UAS) service supplier (USS), detecting a flight path conflict with a second UAV (UAV2), selecting a unicast or broadcast communication mode with the UAV2, transmitting to the UAV2 the DAA capability of the UAV1 and a deconfliction message based on the selected communication mode, and avoiding a collision by executing a trajectory correction.