UAV Laser-Camera Alignment for Precise Autonomous Targeting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing UAV systems face challenges in precision, versatility, and adaptability when integrating laser-based systems for targeted interaction with the environment, particularly in applications like agricultural pest control and military operations, due to limitations in aligning laser beams with camera optical paths and compensating for UAV movement.
Innovation Solution
An autonomously operating UAV equipped with a movable mirror, dichroic mirror, and sophisticated image analysis algorithms, allowing precise detection, localization, and targeting of objects using a laser system, which includes a control unit to analyze camera images and adjust the movable mirror for accurate laser beam direction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a laser unit is integrated into the UAV for targeted interaction, then precision in targeting objects is improved, but alignment accuracy between laser beam and camera optical path deteriorates due to system complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the laser unit and camera into a shared optical platform, aligning their optical paths through common mounting structures and calibration mechanisms. This integration allows both components to reference the same spatial coordinates, improving targeting precision while managing complexity through unified design rather than separate systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an optical bench or alignment mechanism as an intermediary structure between the laser unit and camera. This intermediary provides a stable reference frame and adjustment mechanisms that enable precise alignment of the laser beam with the camera optical path, resolving the alignment accuracy issue caused by system complexity.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the UAV moves dynamically during operation, then operational versatility is improved, but laser beam targeting accuracy deteriorates due to movement compensation challenges
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control through gyroscopes and accelerometers that continuously monitor UAV motion and send data to the control system. The control system processes this information and adjusts the laser unit's pointing direction in real-time to compensate for UAV movement, maintaining targeting accuracy while allowing dynamic operation and versatility.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic adjustment mechanisms including movable mirrors and adjustable mounting structures that can change their orientation in real-time. These dynamic components allow the laser beam direction to be continuously adjusted to compensate for UAV motion, enabling both operational versatility and maintaining targeting precision during flight.
3Manufacturing precision
If advanced optical mechanisms are added to ensure precise laser alignment, then targeting precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary alignment through fixed mounting structures and pre-calibrated optical paths designed during manufacturing. The laser unit and camera are pre-aligned on a stable platform with fixed geometric relationships, establishing accurate alignment before operation. This preliminary action reduces the need for complex active adjustment mechanisms during flight, balancing precision with manageable complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise and versatile targeting of objects, minimizing collateral damage and improving operational reliability in complex environments by ensuring the laser beam is delivered only where intended, enhancing safety and efficiency in agricultural and military applications.
Implementation Method 1
the dichroic mirror is configured to reflect the laser beam and to be transparent to an optical path of the camera
Implementation Method 2
the dichroic mirror is configured to reflect the laser beam
Data Source
AI summary
The application relates to an autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a laser-based targeting and object detection system. The UAV may feature a main body with thrust-producing means, a camera, a laser unit, and an optical unit integrating movable mirrors and dichroic optics to align the laser and camera paths. A control unit may analyze camera images to detect objects and adjust the laser beam for precise targeting.The UAV may be ideal for precision pest control, military operations, and environmental management, such as weed removal. Advanced algorithms may enable accurate detection and engagement, while dynamic focusing mechanisms and integrated cooling systems may ensure reliable operation. Safety protocols prevent unintended exposure.The UAV may support battery-swapping for extended use and can function within drone swarms for optimized efficiency. Stored operational data may enhance future planning, providing a robust solution for automated, targeted environmental interaction.