UAV Mesh Relay Network for Over-the-Horizon Communication
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional satellite communication systems for over-the-horizon communications are expensive, large, heavy, and vulnerable to disruptions if the satellite is disabled, lacking efficient line-of-sight control and relay capabilities for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
Innovation Solution
A cellular communication network utilizing a plurality of UAVs equipped with cellular communication receivers and transmitters, where a control base transmits control signals directly for line-of-sight control within a set distance, and pre-programmed flight control systems in UAVs enable autonomous operation beyond that range, leveraging existing cellular infrastructure for mesh networking and relay of communication signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If satellite communication systems are used for over-the-horizon communication, then communication capability is achieved, but cost, size, and weight increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as intermediary relay nodes between ground stations and distant targets. These UAVs equipped with communication equipment establish intermediate communication links, replacing the need for expensive satellite systems while achieving over-the-horizon communication capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a distributed network of UAVs that replicate communication functions across multiple nodes. Each UAV acts as a mobile base station, copying the functionality of fixed infrastructure to provide flexible, satellite-independent communication coverage.
2Reliability
If satellite communication systems are used, then over-the-horizon communication is enabled, but vulnerability to satellite disablement increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the communication system into multiple independent UAV nodes rather than relying on a single satellite. This segmentation creates redundant communication paths, so if one UAV is disabled, other nodes can maintain communication links, significantly reducing system vulnerability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent pre-deploys multiple UAVs in strategic positions to create backup communication paths before disruptions occur. This prior preparation ensures that alternative routes are already established and can immediately take over if a satellite or primary link fails.
3Ease of operation
If control signals are transmitted as line of sight signals within set distance, then direct control is achieved, but control range is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extends control range by adding spatial dimensions through UAV relay nodes. Instead of relying solely on direct line-of-sight from ground control, the system uses intermediate UAVs in three-dimensional space to forward control signals, effectively extending the control horizon beyond direct visual range.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs intermediate UAVs as mediators to transmit control signals between ground control stations and distant UAVs. These intermediary nodes relay commands and telemetry data, enabling precise control of remote vehicles without requiring direct line-of-sight connection.
4Reliability
If mesh networking is implemented among UAVs, then communication relay capability is enhanced, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs each UAV with multi-functional capabilities, serving simultaneously as a communication endpoint, relay node, and potential control target. This universality simplifies the overall network architecture by using identical standardized nodes for multiple purposes, reducing the complexity that would arise from specialized components.
Data Source
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AI summary
A cellular communication network utilizes cellular communication receivers and cellular communication transmitters in a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles that are deployed or flown in a point to point line or mesh like environment enabling a ground to air, air to air and air to ground cellular datalink communications network.