UAV Sensor Retraction via Spring Coupling for Collision Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing UAVs with protective outer cages face challenges in maintaining camera and sensor system integrity during collisions, as the cages hinder access and can interfere with image capture, while exposing sensors to shock and damage.
Innovation Solution
A UAV design featuring an outer protective cage with a sensor system coupled via a spring coupling and load-limited releasable rigid coupling, allowing the sensor system to retract into the cage upon collision and absorb impact energy through elastic deformation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the sensor system is positioned on the outer protective cage, then the camera is protected from collision, but the cage interferes with image capture and hinders access to the camera
Solution Approach 1:
The sensor system is made movable between a retracted position (inside the cage) and an extended position (outside the cage). The spring coupling enables dynamic positioning where the sensor can be protected during flight by retracting into the cage, and can capture images by extending outward when needed, resolving the conflict between protection and imaging quality
Solution Approach 2:
The sensor system is separated from the main cage structure through the spring coupling mechanism, allowing independent movement of the sensor assembly. This segmentation enables the sensor to be positioned optimally for imaging while the cage remains intact for protection, and allows easy access to the sensor for maintenance without disassembling the entire cage
2Ease of operation
If the sensor system is positioned on the outer protective cage, then access to the camera is improved, but the camera is exposed to shock and damage during collision
Solution Approach 1:
The spring coupling acts as a pre-positioned cushioning mechanism that absorbs collision forces before they reach the sensor system. When collision occurs, the spring compresses to dissipate impact energy, protecting the sensor from shock and damage while still allowing easy access to the sensor through the spring-mounted assembly
3Stability of the object's composition
If a rigid coupling is used to mount the sensor system, then stable positioning is achieved, but the sensor system cannot withstand collision forces
Solution Approach 1:
The coupling mechanism changes its mechanical parameters dynamically - maintaining rigid stable positioning during normal operation, and transitioning to a compliant shock-absorbing state during collision through spring compression. This parameter change allows the system to achieve both stable positioning and collision resistance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design enhances the UAV's robustness and ability to withstand impacts without compromising the flight propulsion system or camera, while maintaining ease of maintenance and reliability for inspection applications.
Implementation Method 1
a coupling mechanism that comprises a spring coupling exerting an elastic bias against the sensor system towards an operating position, the sensor system being retractable into the outer protective cage against the elastic bias of the spring coupling upon collision with an external object
Data Source
AI summary
An unmanned aerial vehicle comprising an outer protective cage, a propulsion system mounted inside the outer protective cage, a sensor support system fixed on the outer protective cage and a sensor system coupled to the sensor support system. The sensor system is coupled to the sensor support system via a load-limiting coupling mechanism that comprises a spring coupling exerting an elastic bias against the sensor system towards a normal operating position, the sensor system being retractable into the outer protective cage against the elastic bias of the spring coupling upon collision with an external object.